Revised phylogeography of the common whelk Buccinum undatum (Gastropoda: Buccinidae) across the North Atlantic

Author:

Magnúsdóttir Hildur12ORCID,Pálsson Snæbjörn1,Westfall Kristen Marie13,Jónsson Zophonías O1,Goodall Jake1,Örnólfsdóttir Erla Björk2

Affiliation:

1. Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland

2. Department of Aquaculture and Fish Biology, Hólar University College, Sauðárkrókur, Iceland

3. Vör – Marine Research Centre in Breiðafjörður, Ólafsvík, Iceland

Abstract

Abstract The purpose of this study was to revisit the mitochondrial genetic divergence of North Atlantic populations of the subtidal gastropod Buccinum undatum, because previous mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis by Pálsson et al. (2014) included 16S ribosomal RNA sequences that were incorrectly assigned to the species. In the present study, population mtDNA variation is now assessed using COI sequences obtained from previous research (Pálsson et al., 2014) and, to increase the geographical cover of the study, data from recently assembled transcriptomes of 96 Icelandic whelks (Jónsson et al., 2019) and GenBank are also used. To estimate the mtDNA divergence in B. undatum across the North Atlantic, two species screening indices were used: automatic barcode gap discovey (ABGD; Puillandre et al., 2012a) and species screening threshold index (SSTI; Witt et al., 2006). Phylogenetic reconstruction revealed monophyletic Eastern and Western North Atlantic whelk lineages, which diverged early in the Pleistocene glaciation (2.1 Mya), followed by a subsequent divergence event between Greenlandic and Canadian populations at 1.3 Mya. Species screening indices, ABGD and SSTI, indicated cryptic speciation or allopatric divergence. Genetic distances between populations from the two continents were similar to or greater than interspecific genetic distances across several North Pacific and North Atlantic Buccinum species.

Funder

Icelandic Centre for Research

University of Iceland Research Fund

Vör Marine Research Center at Breiðafjörður

Ministry of Fisheries in Iceland

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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