Photosynthetic acclimation and sensitivity to short- and long-term environmental changes in a drought-prone forest

Author:

Schönbeck Leonie12ORCID,Grossiord Charlotte12ORCID,Gessler Arthur34ORCID,Gisler Jonas3,Meusburger Katrin5ORCID,D’Odorico Petra3ORCID,Rigling Andreas34ORCID,Salmon Yann67ORCID,Stocker Benjamin D34ORCID,Zweifel Roman3ORCID,Schaub Marcus3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Plant Ecology Research Laboratory, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, EPFL, Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

2. Functional Plant Ecology, Community Ecology Unit, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

3. Forest Dynamics Research Unit, Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland

4. Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland

5. Biogeochemistry Unit, Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland

6. Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 27, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland

7. Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, University of Helsinki, PO Box 68, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland

Abstract

Abstract Future climate will be characterized by an increase in frequency and duration of drought and warming that exacerbates atmospheric evaporative demand. How trees acclimate to long-term soil moisture changes and whether these long-term changes alter trees’ sensitivity to short-term (day to months) variations of vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and soil moisture is largely unknown. Leaf gas exchange measurements were performed within a long-term (17 years) irrigation experiment in a drought-prone Scots pine-dominated forest in one of Switzerland’s driest areas on trees in naturally dry (control), irrigated, and ‘irrigation-stop’ (after 11 years of irrigation) conditions. Seventeen years of irrigation increased photosynthesis (A) and stomatal conductance (gs) and reduced gs sensitivity to increasing VPD and soil drying. Following irrigation-stop, gas exchange decreased only after 3 years. After 5 years, maximum carboxylation (Vcmax) and electron transport (Jmax) rates in irrigation-stop recovered to similar levels as to before the irrigation-stop. These results suggest that long-term release from soil drought reduces the sensitivity to VPD and that atmospheric constraints may play an increasingly important role in combination with soil drought. Moreover, our study indicates that structural adjustments lead to an attenuation of initially strong leaf-level acclimation to strong multiple-year drought.

Funder

Swiss National Science Foundation

Finnish Academy

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Plant Science,Physiology

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