The locoweed endophyte Alternaria oxytropis affects root development in Arabidopsis in vitro through auxin signaling and polar transport

Author:

Guan Huirui12,Liu Xin3,Fu Yanping4,Han Xiaomin1,Wang Yanli4,Li Qing56,Guo Liang56ORCID,Mur Luis A J7ORCID,Wei Yahui1,He Wei18ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University , Xi’an 710069 , China

2. Qinling National Botanical Garden , Xi’an 710404 , China

3. Shaanxi Institute for Food and Drug Control , Xi’an 710065 , China

4. Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University , Xi’an 710069 , China

5. National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 , China

6. Hubei Hongshan Laboratory , Wuhan 430070 , China

7. Institute of Biology, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University , Aberystwyth SY23 3FL , UK

8. Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of Ministry of Education, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University , Hohhot 010018 , China

Abstract

Abstract Locoweeds are leguminous forbs known for their toxicity to livestock caused by the endophytic fungi Alternaria sect. Undifilum. Unlike the defensive mutualisms reported in many toxin-producing endophytes and their plant hosts, the benefits that A. sect. Undifilum can confer to it host plants remains unclear. Here, we conducted physiological and genetic analyses to show that A. (sect. Undifilum) oxytropis influences growth, especially root development, in its locoweed host Oxytropis ochrocephala and Arabidopsis. The presence of A. oxytropis significantly decreased primary root length while increasing the numbers of lateral roots and root hairs, and increasing plant leaf area and fresh weight. The fungus also increased the concentrations of plant endogenous auxin, and the expression of key genes for auxin biosynthesis, signaling, and transport. These effects on root development were abolished in mutants deficient in auxin signaling and polar transport. Alternaria oxytropis down-regulated expression of PIN1 but increased expression of PIN2, PIN7, and AUX1, which might reflect alterations in the spatial accumulation of auxin responsible for the changes in root architecture. Plant growth was insensitive to A. oxytropis when naphthylphthalamic acid was applied. Our findings indicate a function of A. oxytropis in promoting the growth and development of Arabidopsis via the regulation of auxin, which in turn suggests a possible role in benefiting its locoweed hosts via a process independent of its toxin production.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Special Aid Fund for Qinghai Province

Key Laboratory Research Fund of Department of Education of Shaanxi Province

International Collaboration Fund of Department of Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province

CAS ‘Light of West China’ Program

Inner Mongolia Agricultural University

Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province

Scientific Research from Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education

Key Research and Development Plan Project of Shaanxi Province

UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Plant Science,Physiology

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