Outcomes of transcatheter pulmonary SAPIEN 3 valve implantation: an international registry

Abstract

Abstract Background and Aims Transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation (TPVI) is indicated to treat right-ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) dysfunction related to congenital heart disease (CHD). Outcomes of TPVI with the SAPIEN 3 valve that are insufficiently documented were investigated in the EUROPULMS3 registry of SAPIEN 3-TPVI. Methods Patient-related, procedural, and follow-up outcome data were retrospectively assessed in this observational cohort from 35 centres in 15 countries. Results Data for 840 consecutive patients treated in 2014–2021 at a median age of 29.2 (19.0–41.6) years were obtained. The most common diagnosis was conotruncal defect (70.5%), with a native or patched RVOT in 50.7% of all patients. Valve sizes were 20, 23, 26, and 29 mm in 0.4%, 25.5%, 32.1%, and 42.0% of patients, respectively. Valve implantation was successful in 98.5% [95% confidence interval (CI), 97.4%–99.2%] of patients. Median follow-up was 20.3 (7.1–38.4) months. Eight patients experienced infective endocarditis; 11 required pulmonary valve replacement, with a lower incidence for larger valves (P = .009), and four experienced pulmonary valve thrombosis, including one who died and three who recovered with anticoagulation. Cumulative incidences (95%CI) 1, 3, and 6 years after TPVI were as follows: infective endocarditis, 0.5% (0.0%–1.0%), 0.9% (0.2%–1.6%), and 3.8% (0.0%–8.4%); pulmonary valve replacement, 0.4% (0.0%–0.8%), 1.3% (0.2%–2.4%), and 8.0% (1.2%–14.8%); and pulmonary valve thrombosis, 0.4% (0.0%–0.9%), 0.7% (0.0%–1.3%), and 0.7% (0.0%–1.3%), respectively. Conclusions Outcomes of SAPIEN 3 TPVI were favourable in patients with CHD, half of whom had native or patched RVOTs.