Relationships between Bitter Taste Receptor Gene Evolution, Diet, and Gene Repertoire in Primates

Author:

Feng Ping12ORCID,Wang Hui12,Liang Xinyue12,Dong Xiaoyan12,Liang Qiufang12,Shu Fanglan12,Zhou Qihai12

Affiliation:

1. Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Guangxi Normal University , Guilin, Guangxi , China

2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology, Guangxi Normal University , Guilin, Guangxi , China

Abstract

Abstract Bitter taste perception plays a critical role in deterring animals from consuming harmful and toxic substances. To characterize the evolution of primate Tas2r, test the generality of Tas2r duplication in Cercopithecidae species, and examine whether dietary preferences have shaped the Tas2r repertoire of primate species, we identified Tas2r in the genomes of 35 primate species, including 16 Cercopithecidae, 6 Hominidae, 4 Cebidae, 3 Lemuridae, and 6 other species. The results showed that the total number of primate Tas2r ranged from 27 to 51, concentrating on 2 to 4 scaffolds of each species. Closely related genes were tandemly duplicated in the same scaffold. Phylogenetic construction revealed that Tas2r can be divided into 21 clades, including anthropoid-, Strepsirrhini-, and Cercopithecidae-specific Tas2r duplications. Phylogenetically independent contrast analysis revealed that the number of intact Tas2r significantly correlated with feeding preferences. Altogether, our data support diet as a driver of primate Tas2r evolution, and Cercopithecidae species have developed some specific Tas2r duplication during evolution. These results are probably because most Cercopithecidae species feed on plants containing many toxins, and it is necessary to develop specialized Tas2r to protect them from poisoning.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Guangxi Natural Science Foundation

Guangxi Normal University

Ministry of Education

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

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