Budding yeast Rap1, but not telomeric DNA, is inhibitory for multiple stages of DNA replication in vitro

Author:

Douglas Max E1ORCID,Diffley John F X2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Telomere Biology Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK

2. Chromosome Replication Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK

Abstract

Abstract Telomeres are copied and reassembled each cell division cycle through a multistep process called telomere replication. Most telomeric DNA is duplicated semiconservatively during this process, but replication forks frequently pause or stall at telomeres in yeast, mouse and human cells, potentially causing chronic telomere shortening or loss in a single cell cycle. We have investigated the cause of this effect by examining the replication of telomeric templates in vitro. Using a reconstituted assay for eukaryotic DNA replication in which a complete eukaryotic replisome is assembled and activated with purified proteins, we show that budding yeast telomeric DNA is efficiently duplicated in vitro unless the telomere binding protein Rap1 is present. Rap1 acts as a roadblock that prevents replisome progression and leading strand synthesis, but also potently inhibits lagging strand telomere replication behind the fork. Both defects can be mitigated by the Pif1 helicase. Our results suggest that GC-rich sequences do not inhibit DNA replication per se, and that in the absence of accessory factors, telomere binding proteins can inhibit multiple, distinct steps in the replication process.

Funder

Cancer Research UK

Francis Crick Institute

Medical Research Council

Wellcome Trust

European Research Council

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Genetics

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