Pathomolecular epidemiology, antimicrobial resistance, and virulence genes of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis isolates from slaughtered pigs in India

Author:

Patel Sagar M1,Sahoo Monalisa12,Thakor Jigarji Chaturji1,Murali Dinesh1,Kumar Pradeep1,Singh Rajendra3,Singh Karam Pal4,Saikumar G1,Jana Chandrakanta1,Patel Shailesh Kumar5,Mote Akash B6,Karthikeyan Ravichandran7,Vandre Rajesh Kumar8,Biswal Jitendra Kumar2,Sahoo Nihar Ranjan2

Affiliation:

1. Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) , Izatnagar 243122 , India

2. ICAR-National Institute on Foot and Mouth Disease (NIFMD), Arugul, Jatni , Bhubaneswar 752050 , India

3. Veterinary Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Siksha “O” Anusandhan, Ghatikia , Bhubaneswar 751030 , India

4. CADRAD, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) , Izatnagar 243122 , India

5. Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry , Rewa 486001 , India

6. Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) , Izatnagar 243122 , India

7. Division of Epidemiology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) , Izatnagar 243122 , India

8. Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry , Rewa , India

Abstract

Abstract Aims We aimed to investigate the prevalence, pathology, and characterization of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) in slaughtered pigs of India. Methods and results We collected 1254 morbid tissues (lungs—627 and spleen—627) and 627 heart-blood from 627 slaughtered pigs. The bacterial isolation, antibiogram, virulence gene profiling, and mouse pathogenicity testing were performed for the detection and characterization of SDSE. A total of 177 isolates (heart-blood—160 and tissues—17) were recovered from 627 slaughtered pigs with higher isolation rate in heart-blood (25.51%). The prevalence of SDSE was 11% in morbid tissues by polymerase chain reaction. Majority of isolates showed higher detection of streptolysin O, followed by streptokinase and extracellular phospholipase A virulence genes with higher degree of resistance to azithromycin, clindamycin, erythromycin, and penicillin antibiotics. Mouse pathogenicity testing confirmed virulence based on histopathological lesions and re-isolation of SDSE. Conclusions Our findings highlight the high prevalence of SDSE in slaughtered pigs. The presence of virulence genes and mouse pathogenicity testing confirm their pathogenic potential.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

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