Composition of soil bacterial communities associated with urban stormwater detention basins and their predicted functional roles in N cycle

Abstract

Abstract Aims Stormwater detention basins serve as vital components in mitigating the adverse effects of urban runoff, and investigating the microbial dynamics within these systems is crucial for enhancing their performance and pollutant removal capabilities. The aim of this study was to examine and compare the soil bacterial communities in two stormwater detention basins located on the Edwards Aquifer in Bexar County, Texas, USA, and evaluate how soil physiochemical properties may affect them. Methods and Results Each basin soil was sampled in two different seasons at varying depths and the structure of microbial communities was examined using paired end Illumina sequencing using V3 and V4 region of 16S rRNA gene. PICRUSt2 was used to predict functional genes in the nitrogen cycle. In addition, soil physicochemical properties such as pH, carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus and particle size were examined. A beta diversity analysis revealed that basins had distinctive microbial communities. Additionally, soil particle size, phosphorus and ammonia significantly correlated with some of the dominant phyla in the basins. Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria showed a positive correlation with the relative abundances of nitrogen-cycling genes, while Actinobacteria showed a negative correlation. Conclusions This study evaluated the associations between soil physicochemical properties and microbial community dynamics in stormwater basins. The study also predicts the relative abundance of nitrogen cycling genes, suggesting shared functional traits within microbial communities. The findings have implications for understanding the potential role of microbial communities in nitrogen cycling processes and contribute to developing sustainable stormwater management strategies and protecting water quality in urban areas.