Fondaparinux Significantly Reduces Postoperative Venous Thromboembolism After Body Contouring Procedures Without an Increase in Bleeding Complications

Abstract

Abstract Background It is well established that abdominoplasty confers a uniquely high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) complications. However, chemoprophylaxis is not routinely utilized due to the risk of bleeding complications. Fondaparinux, a factor Xa inhibitor FDA approved in 2001 for postoperative VTE prophylaxis, has emerged as a safe option for preventing VTE complications after high-risk surgeries. Objectives The goal of this study was to examine the effectiveness and safety of fondaparinux for VTE chemoprophylaxis in patients undergoing abdominoplasty. Methods This is a single-center retrospective chart review from January 2008 to December 2014 of 492 patients who underwent abdominoplasty with or without an additional body procedure. Prior to 2011, no VTE chemoprophylaxis was utilized (n = 233). In 2011, the routine employment of postoperative chemoprophylaxis with fondaparinux was implemented (n = 259). Patient demographics and 2005 Caprini scores were evaluated. Primary outcomes included postoperative VTE and bleeding complications. Results There were no statistical differences in patient demographics or median Caprini score. The treatment group demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in the rate of VTE compared with the nontreatment group (0% vs 2.1%, respectively, P = 0.02). There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of hematoma requiring reoperation between the nontreatment and treatment groups (1.7% vs 2.3%, P = 0.76) or blood loss requiring transfusion (0% vs 0.8%, P = 0.5). Conclusions Fondaparinux for VTE chemoprophylaxis after abdominoplasty is efficacious in decreasing the risk of VTE in this susceptible patient population without increasing the risk of postoperative bleeding complications. Level of Evidence: 3