Affiliation:
1. School of Labor and Human Resources, Renmin University of China, No. 59, Zhongguancun Street, Haidian, Beijing 100872, China
2. School of Public Policy & Management, Tsinghua University, No. 30 Shuangqing Road, Haidian, Beijing 100084, China
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Extensive research has explored disparities in access to health care between people with and without disabilities, but much less is understood about disparities and associated factors within the disabled population.
Objective
The aim of this study was to examine differences in the prevalence of unmet health-care needs by residential status (hukou status) and disability type among people with disabilities.
Methods
Our data were from the National Survey on Basic Public Service Delivery of Persons with Disabilities. The analysis sample included a nationally representative sample of 9 642 112 adults (aged 16+ years) with disabilities. Associated factors were obtained at both individual level and community level. Cross-sectional multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to compare unmet medical, care, rehabilitation and accessibility needs among people with different residential statuses and different types of disabilities.
Results
The estimated prevalence of unmet medical, care, rehabilitation and accessibility needs is 15.4%, 10.2%, 45.6% and 13.7%, respectively. Rural hukou was associated with an important 13–40% increase in unmet health-care needs for people with disabilities in China. These rural–urban disparities in unmet health service needs can be partly explained by community-level factors, including access to facilities, social participation and health professionals. Disparities across the type of disability were smaller, but on average, people with multiple disabilities appeared to have the highest rates of unmet care, medical and accessibility needs, whereas those with physical disability had the highest unmet rehabilitation need.
Conclusions
Differences by residential status and impairment type were evident in all types of unmet health service needs. Targeted policy designs that meet the needs for justice and equality of people with disabilities are advisable. Public health and policy efforts are required to improve access to health service and meet the needs of people with disabilities, especially in rural practices and for particular disability groups.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Subject
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Health Policy,General Medicine