Evolution of the Cholesterol Biosynthesis Pathway in Animals

Author:

Zhang Tingting123,Yuan Dongwei134,Xie Jun5,Lei Yongxing46,Li Jianguo7,Fang Gangqi34,Tian Ling8,Liu Jiacheng49,Cui Yingying1,Zhang Min2,Xiao Youli6,Xu Yongzhen3,Zhang Jianzhen2,Zhu Maoyan10,Zhan Shuai3,Li Sheng1

Affiliation:

1. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China

2. Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China

3. CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

5. State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

6. Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

7. Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China

8. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Guangdong Provincial Sericulture and Mulberry Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China

9. The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

10. State Key Laboratory of Paleobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China

Abstract

AbstractCholesterol plays essential roles in animal development and disease progression. Here, we characterize the evolutionary pattern of the canonical cholesterol biosynthesis pathway (CBP) in the animal kingdom using both genome-wide analyses and functional experiments. CBP genes in the basal metazoans were inherited from their last common eukaryotic ancestor and evolutionarily conserved for cholesterol biosynthesis. The genomes of both the basal metazoans and deuterostomes retain almost the full set of CBP genes, while Cnidaria and many protostomes have independently experienced multiple massive losses of CBP genes that might be due to the geologic events during the Ediacaran period, such as the appearance of an exogenous sterol supply and the frequent perturbation of ocean oxygenation. Meanwhile, the indispensable utilization processes of cholesterol potentially strengthened the maintenance of the complete set of CBP genes in vertebrates. These results strengthen both biotic and abiotic roles in the macroevolution of a biosynthesis pathway in animals.

Funder

National Science Foundation of China

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Genetics,Molecular Biology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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