Consumption of tetracyclines, sulphonamides and trimethoprim, and other antibacterials in the community, European Union/European Economic Area, 1997–2017
Author:
Versporten Ann1, Bruyndonckx Robin12ORCID, Adriaenssens Niels13, Hens Niel24, Monnet Dominique L5, Molenberghs Geert26, Goossens Herman1, Weist Klaus5, Coenen Samuel13ORCID, Strauss Reinhild, Vandael Eline, Sabtcheva Stefana, Andrašević Arjana Tambić, Kyriakidou Isavella, Vlček Jiří, Sönksen Ute Wolff, Linask Elviira, Sarvikivi Emmi, Hider-Mlynarz Karima, Blank Hans-Peter, Kontopidou Flora, Benkő Ria, Aspelund Gudrun, Oza Ajay, Fortinguerra Filomena, Rutkovska Ieva, Valintėlienė Rolanda, Bruch Marcel, Zarb Peter, Natsch Stephanie, Blix Hege Salvesen, Olczak-Pieńkowska Anna, Silva Ana, Popescu Gabriel Adrian, Tesař Tomáš, Čižman Milan, Herreras Mayte Alonso, Bergfeldt Vendela, Andrews Amelia,
Affiliation:
1. Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium 2. Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and statistical Bioinformatics (I-BIOSTAT), Data Science Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium 3. Centre for General Practice, Department of Family Medicine & Population Health (FAMPOP), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium 4. Centre for Health Economic Research and Modelling Infectious Diseases, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium 5. Disease Programmes Unit, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden 6. Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics (I-BIOSTAT), Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Data on consumption of tetracyclines, sulphonamides and trimethoprim, and other antibacterials were collected from 30 EU/European Economic Area (EEA) countries over two decades. This article reviews temporal trends, seasonal variation, presence of change-points and changes in the composition of main subgroups of tetracyclines, sulphonamides and trimethoprim and other antibacterials.
Methods
For the period 1997–2017, data on consumption of tetracyclines (ATC group J01A), sulphonamides and trimethoprim (ATC group J01E), and other antibacterials (ATC group J01X) in the community and aggregated at the level of the active substance, were collected using the WHO ATC/DDD methodology (ATC/DDD index 2019). Consumption was expressed in DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day and in packages per 1000 inhabitants per day. Consumption of tetracyclines, sulphonamides and trimethoprim, and other antibacterials was analysed based on ATC-4 subgroups and presented as trends, seasonal variation, presence of change-points and compositional changes.
Results
In 2017, consumption of tetracyclines, sulphonamides and trimethoprim, and other antibacterials in the community expressed in DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day varied considerably between countries. Between 1997 and 2017, consumption of tetracyclines did not change significantly, while its seasonal variation significantly decreased over time. Consumption of sulphonamides and trimethoprim significantly decreased until 2006, and its seasonal variation significantly decreased over time. The consumption of other antibacterials showed no significant change over time or in seasonal variation.
Conclusions
Consumption and composition of tetracyclines, sulphonamides and trimethoprim, and other antibacterials showed wide variations between EU/EEA countries and over time. This represents an opportunity to further reduce consumption of these groups in some countries and improve the quality of their prescription.
Funder
Research Foundation—Flanders (FWO University of Antwerp scientific chair in Evidence-Based Vaccinology Pfizer GSK Methusalem Flemish Government
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Pharmacology (medical),Pharmacology,Microbiology (medical)
Reference23 articles.
1. European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (ESAC): outpatient use of tetracyclines, sulphonamides and trimethoprim, and other antibacterials in Europe (1997–2009);Coenen;J Antimicrob Chemother,2011 2. Consumption of antibiotics in the community, European Union/European Economic Area, 1997–2017;Bruyndonckx;J Antimicrob Chemother,2021 3. Consumption of antibiotics in the community, European Union/European Economic Area, 1997–2017: data collection, management and analysis;Bruyndonckx;J Antimicrob Chemother,2021
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