Dolutegravir-based dual maintenance regimens combined with lamivudine/emtricitabine or rilpivirine: risk of virological failure in a real-life setting

Author:

Deschanvres Colin1ORCID,Reynes Jacques23,Lamaury Isabelle4,Rey David5,Palich Romain6ORCID,Bani-Sadr Firouzé7,Robineau Olivier8,Duvivier Claudine9,Hocqueloux Laurent10ORCID,Cuzin Lise1112ORCID,Joly Veronique13,Raffi Francois1,Cabie André12,Allavena Clotilde1,Chirouze C,Drobacheff-Thiébaut C,Foltzer A,Bouiller K,Hustache- Mathieu L,Lepiller Q,Bozon F,Babre O,Brunel A S,Muret P,Chevalier E,Jacomet C,Laurichesse H,Lesens O,Vidal M,Mrozek N,Aumeran C,Baud O,Corbin V,Goncalvez E,Mirand A,Brebion A,Henquell C,Lamaury I,Fabre I,Curlier E,Ouissa R,Herrmann-Storck C,Tressieres B,Receveur M C,Boulard F,Daniel C,Clavel C,Roger P M,Markowicz S,Chellum Rungen N,Merrien D,Perré P,Guimard T,Bollangier O,Leautez S,Morrier M,Laine L,Boucher D,Point P,Cotte L,Ader F,Becker A,Boibieux A,Brochier C,Brunel-Dalmas F,Cannesson O,Chiarello P,Chidiac C,Degroodt S,Ferry T,Godinot M,Livrozet J M,Makhloufi D,Miailhes P,Perpoint T,Perry M,Pouderoux C,Roux S,Triffault-Fillit C,Valour F,Charre C,Icard V,Tardy J C,Trabaud M A,Ravaux I,Ménard A,Belkhir A Y,Colson P,Dhiver C,Madrid A,Martin-Degioanni M,Meddeb L,Mokhtari M,Motte A,Raoux A,Toméi C,Tissot-Dupont H,Poizot-Martin I,Brégigeon S,Zaegel-Faucher O,Obry-Roguet V,Laroche H,Orticoni M,Soavi M J,Ressiot E,Ducassou M J,Jaquet I,Galie S,Colson H,Ritleng A S,Ivanova A,Debreux C,Lions C,Rojas-Rojas T,Cabié A,Abel S,Bavay J,Bigeard B,Cabras O,Cuzin L,Dupin de Majoubert R,Fagour L,Guitteaud K,Marquise A,Najioullah F,Pierre-François S,Pasquier J,Richard P,Rome K,Turmel J M,Varache C,Atoui N,Bistoquet M,Delaporte E,Le Moing V,Makinson A,Meftah N,Merle de Boever C,Montes B,Montoya Ferrer A,Tuaillon E,Reynes J,Lefèvre B,Jeanmaire E,Hénard S,Frentiu E,Charmillon A,Legoff A,Tissot N,André M,Boyer L,Bouillon M P,Delestan M,Goehringer F,Bevilacqua S,Rabaud C,May T,Raffi F,Allavena C,Aubry O,Billaud E,Biron C,Bonnet B,Bouchez S,Boutoille D,Brunet-Cartier C,Deschanvres C,Gaborit B J,Grégoire A,Grégoire M,Grossi O,Guéry R,Jovelin T,Lefebvre M,Le Turnier P,Lecomte R,Morineau P,Reliquet V,Sécher S,Cavellec M,Paredes E,Soria A,Ferré V,André-Garnier E,Rodallec A,Pugliese P,Breaud S,Ceppi C,Chirio D,Cua E,Dellamonica P,Demonchy E,De Monte A,Durant J,Etienne C,Ferrando S,Garraffo R,Michelangeli C,Mondain V,Naqvi A,Oran N,Perbost I,Carles M,Klotz C,Maka A,Pradier C,Prouvost-Keller B,Risso K,Rio V,Rosenthal E,Touitou I,Wehrlen-Pugliese S,Zouzou G,Hocqueloux L,Prazuck T,Gubavu C,Sève A,Giaché S,Rzepecki V,Colin M,Boulard C,Thomas G,Cheret A,Goujard C,Quertainmont Y,Teicher E,Lerolle N,Jaureguiberry S,Colarino R,Deradji O,Castro A,Barrail-Tran A,Yazdanpanah Y,Landman R,Joly V,Ghosn J,Rioux C,Lariven S,Gervais A,Lescure F X,Matheron S,Louni F,Julia Z,Le Gac S,Charpentier C,Descamps D,Peytavin G,Duvivier C,Aguilar C,Alby-Laurent F,Amazzough K,Benabdelmoumen G,Bossi P,Cessot G,Charlier C,Consigny P H,Jidar K,Lafont E,Lanternier F,Leporrier J,Lortholary O,Louisin C,Lourenco J,Parize P,Pilmis B,Rouzaud C,Touam F,Valantin M A,Tubiana R,Agher R,Seang S,Schneider L,Palich R,Blanc C,Katlama C,Bani-Sadr F,Berger J L,N’Guyen Y,Lambert D,Kmiec I,Hentzien M,Brunet A,Romaru J,Marty H,Brodard V,Arvieux C,Tattevin P,Revest M,Souala F,Baldeyrou M,Patrat-Delon S,Chapplain J M,Benezit F,Dupont M,Poinot M,Maillard A,Pronier C,Lemaitre F,Morlat C,Poisson-Vannier M,Sinteff J P,Gagneux-Brunon A,Botelho-Nevers E,Frésard A,Ronat V,Lucht F,Rey D,Fischer P,Partisani M,Cheneau C,Priester M,Mélounou C,Bernard-Henry C,de Mautort E,Fafi-Kremer S,Delobel P,Alvarez M,Biezunski N,Debard A,Delpierre C,Gaube G,Lansalot P,Lelièvre L,Marcel M,Martin-Blondel G,Piffaut M,Porte L,Saune K,Robineau O,Ajana F,Aïssi E,Alcaraz I,Alidjinou E,Baclet V,Bocket L,Boucher A,Digumber M,Huleux T,Lafon-Desmurs B,Meybeck A,Pradier M,Tetart M,Thill P,Viget N,Valette M,

Affiliation:

1. Infectious Diseases Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France

2. Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France

3. UMI 233, Inserm U1175, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France

4. Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Dermatology, Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, France

5. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Care Center, Strasbourg University Hospitals, Strasbourg, France

6. Infectious Diseases Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France

7. Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Reims University Hospital, Reims, France

8. Infectious Diseases Department, Gustave Dron Hospital, Tourcoing, France

9. Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France

10. Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Regional Hospital Center, Orléans, France

11. CERPOP, Inserm UMR1295, Toulouse University, Toulouse, France

12. Infectious Diseases Department, Martinique University Hospital, Fort-de-France, France

13. Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Bichat-Claude Bernard University Hospital, Paris, France

Abstract

Abstract Background Maintenance ART with dolutegravir-based dual regimens have proved their efficacy among HIV-1-infected subjects in randomized trials. However, real-life data are scarce, with limited populations and follow-up. Objectives We assessed virological failure (VF) and resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) on dolutegravir maintenance regimens in combination with rilpivirine or with lamivudine or emtricitabine (xTC) and analysed the factors associated with VF. Methods Between 2014 and 2018, all HIV-1-infected adults included in the Dat’AIDS cohort and starting dolutegravir/rilpivirine or dolutegravir/xTC as a maintenance dolutegravir-based dual regimen were selected. VF was defined as two consecutive HIV RNA values >50 copies/mL or a single value >400 copies/mL. We compared cumulative genotypes before initiation of a maintenance dolutegravir-based dual regimen with genotype at VF. Results We analysed 1374 subjects (799 on dolutegravir/rilpivirine and 575 on dolutegravir/xTC) with a median follow-up of 20 months (IQR = 11–31) and 19 months (IQR = 11–31), respectively. VF occurred in 3.8% (n = 30) of dolutegravir/rilpivirine subjects and 2.6% (n = 15) of dolutegravir/xTC subjects. Among subjects receiving dolutegravir/rilpivirine, two genotypes harboured emerging RAMs at VF: E138K on NNRTI (n = 1); and E138K+K101E on NNRTI and N155H on INSTI (n = 1). Among subjects receiving dolutegravir/xTC, no new RAM was detected. The only predictive factor of VF on dolutegravir/rilpivirine was the history of failure on an NNRTI-based regimen (adjusted HR = 2.97, 95% CI = 1.28–6.93). No factor was associated with VF on dolutegravir/xTC. Conclusions In this large real-life cohort, dolutegravir/rilpivirine and dolutegravir/xTC sustained virological suppression and were associated with a low rate of VF and RAM emergence. Careful virological screening is essential before switching to dolutegravir/rilpivirine in virologically suppressed patients with a history of NNRTI therapy.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Pharmacology (medical),Pharmacology,Microbiology (medical)

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