Human papillomavirus vaccine coverage among immigrant adolescents in Alberta: a population-based cohort study

Abstract

Abstract Background Little is known about human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among immigrant children in Canada. We conducted a study in Alberta, Canada to assess HPV vaccine coverage among school-aged immigrant children compared with non-immigrant children. Methods This cohort study analysed population-based linked administrative health data to measure HPV vaccine coverage for 346 749 school-aged children, including 31 656 immigrants. Coverage was examined at 12 y of age from 2008 to 2018 for females, and from 2014 to 2018 for males and both sexes combined; vaccine series completion was considered receipt of three doses, with initiation (one or more dose) as a supplementary analysis. Multivariable logistic regression examined the association of vaccine coverage with migration status, adjusting for sociodemographic variables. Results Between 2014 and 2018, HPV vaccination coverage among immigrant children at age 12 y was significantly higher (52.58%) compared with non-immigrant children (47.41%). After controlling for place of residence, income quintile, biological sex and year, immigrant children had 1.10 greater odds (95% confidence interval 1.07 to 1.14) of receiving three doses of HPV vaccine compared with non-immigrant children. Immigrants from Asia and Africa had the highest coverage (60.25–68.78%), while immigrants from North America, Oceania and South America had the lowest coverage (39.97–48.36%). Conclusions It is encouraging that immigrant children had higher HPV vaccine coverage compared with non-immigrants. Among immigrants, routine immunization promotion strategies should be tailored based on the country of origin.