A 7-Year Retrospective Analysis of Hymenoplasty: Profiles From a Specialized Gynecological Cosmetic Surgery Practice

Abstract

Abstract Background Hymenoplasty—surgical reconstruction of the hymen—is on the rise in Turkey, reflecting the enduring importance of virginity which is rooted in sociocultural and religious beliefs. Demographic factors shape women's decisions regarding this procedure. Objectives The aim of this investigation was to delve into the multifaceted perceptions around virginity and hymenoplasty in Turkey, examining the impact of sociocultural and religious beliefs on women's decisions. The study also explored demographic influences, offering insights into the societal and cultural backdrop of hymenoplasty. Methods A 7-year retrospective analysis of 4259 patient records (2015-2022) at a private clinic was conducted, and statistical tools were used to meticulously analyze data on demographics and shared decision-making dynamics. Results In the examined cohort (83.3%), the choice of permanent hymenoplasty was prevalent among individuals aged 14 to 49 years, with 58.6% being engaged and seeking the procedure a week before marriage. Notably, 91.0% were accompanied by friends during consultations, and a minority disclosed a history of childbirth or experience of forced intercourse. An increasing trend in first-time and post-assault hymenoplasty procedures was observed in 2021. Geographically, the majority of individuals resided in Istanbul, but represented all Turkish regions. Additional procedures such as vaginoplasty were common, with mostly successful postprocedural outcomes and minor complications. Conclusions This study highlighted the enduring social importance of virginity in Turkey, emphasizing hymenoplasty as a coping strategy for psychological and societal challenges. The study calls for comprehensive patient support and societal progress in respecting women's bodily autonomy, urging a shift away from the cultural fixation on virginity. Level of Evidence: 4