Construction and Preclinical Evaluation of 211At Labeled Anti-mesothelin Antibodies as Potential Targeted Alpha Therapy Drugs

Abstract

ABSTRACT Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) is a promising tumor therapy that can specifically transport α particle to the vicinity of tumor cells while the normal cells are only slightly irradiated. Mesothelin is a highly promising molecular signature for many types of solid tumors including malignant mesothelioma, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer and lung adenocarcinoma etc., while the expression in normal human tissues are limited, thus making mesothelin a promising antigen for TAT. Previously we developed a theoretical model that could predict and optimize in vitro screening of potential TAT drugs. The aim of the study is construction and preclinical evaluation of 211At labeled anti-mesothelin antibodies as potential TAT drugs. Mesothelin expression of two tumor cell lines were confirmed by flow cytometry, and their radiosensitivities were also evaluated. We used two kinds of anti-mesothelin antibodies, ET210–6 and ET210–28, to construct TAT drugs. Then, radiochemical purity, stability in vitro, affinity of the conjugates and mesothelin expression level were assessed. The specific killing of mesothelin-positive cancer cells treated by 211At-ET210–28 and 211At-ET210–6 were studied via Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and colony formation assay. 211At-ET210–28 and 211At-ET210–6 revealed excellent affinity and stability in both phosphate buffer saline and fetal bovine serum environment. Radiolabeled antibody conjugates bound specifically to mesothelin-positive cells in vitro. Both 211At-ET210–28 and 211At-ET210–6 could specifically kill mesothelin-positive cells with negligible damages to mesothelin-negative cells. Our findings provide initial proof-of-concept for the potential use of 211At labeled ET210–28/ET210–6 anti-mesothelin antibody in specific killings of mesothelin-positive tumor cells.