Ureaplasma urealyticumandMycoplasma hominisurogenital infections associate with semen inflammation and decreased sperm quality

Author:

Paira Daniela A1,Olivera Carolina1,Tissera Andrea D2,Molina Rosa I2,Olmedo José J3,Rivero Virginia E1,Saka Héctor A1,Motrich Ruben D1

Affiliation:

1. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba , Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, 5016, Córdoba , Argentina

2. Laboratorio de Andrología y Reproducción (LAR) , Blvd. Chacabuco 1123, 5000, Córdoba , Argentina

3. Servicio de Urologia y Andrologia, Fundación Urológica Córdoba para la Docencia e Investigación Médica (FUCDIM) , Bartolomé de las casas 3765, 5016, Córdoba , Argentina

Abstract

AbstractUreaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis are among the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections proposed to induce urogenital inflammation and impair sperm quality. However, the topic remains controversial since contradictory findings have been reported. Herein, we performed a comprehensive analysis of U. urealyticum and M. hominis urogenital infections and their association with urogenital inflammation (i.e., leukocyte subsets and inflammatory cytokines in semen,) and sperm quality parameters in a cohort of men with couple’s primary infertility undergoing initial infertility evaluation or with lower urinary tract symptoms and no infertility-related complaints. Overall, U. urealyticum and M. hominis infection was detected in 17.0% and 23.6% of patients, respectively, whereas the coinfection was detected in 3.8% of patients only. Remarkably, similar infection frequencies were found in the different patient subpopulations analyzed. Moreover, infections were associated with elevated semen levels of TNF, IL-1β, and IL-6 and/or increased counts of total leukocytes and their subsets, including CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes and neutrophils. In addition, M. hominis infection and the coinfection with U. urealyticum were associated with impairments in sperm quality variables. Our results indicate that U. urealyticum and M. hominis male urogenital infections induce urogenital inflammation and decrease sperm quality, thus impairing male fertility potential. Screening for U. urealyticum and M. hominis infections and performing a comprehensive analysis of different leukocyte subsets and inflammatory cytokines in semen may be clinically helpful in the diagnosis and follow-up of male urogenital infection.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Cell Biology,Immunology,Immunology and Allergy

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