The effects of soybean hulls level, distillers dried grains with solubles, and net energy formulation on nursery pig performance1

Abstract

Abstract Four experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of increasing dietary soybean hulls without or with distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and net energy (NE) formulation on nursery pig performance. In experiment 1, a total of 210 nursery pigs (initially 6.6 ± 0.1 kg) were used in a 34-d study. Pigs were fed one of five diets that contained increasing soybean hulls (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%). Diets were not balanced for NE. Increasing soybean hulls decreased (linear, P < 0.01) average daily gain (ADG) and gain:feed ratio(G:F), and tended to decrease average daily feed intake (ADFI; quadratic, P < 0.10). In experiment 2, 210 nursery pigs (initially 13.6 ± 0.1 kg) were used in a 20-d study to determine the effect of equal NE formulation in diets with soybean hulls. Pigs were fed one of five diets containing 0% (control), 10%, or 20% soybean hulls either balanced to contain equal NE to the control diet or not balanced for energy. Diets containing 10% and 20% soybean hulls with balanced NE contained 3.60% and 7.15% added soybean oil, respectively. Increasing soybean hulls decreased (linear, P < 0.01) ADG regardless of formulation method. Pigs fed increasing soybean hulls without added fat had decreased (linear, P < 0.01) G:F. Increasing soybean hulls in diets with balanced NE decreased (linear, P < 0.02) ADFI, but did not affect G:F. In experiment 3, 600 pigs (initially 6.8 ± 0.1 kg) were used in a 42-d study. Pigs were fed 1 of 10 diets containing 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, or 12% soybean hulls without or with DDGS (15% from d 0 to 14, 30% from d 15 to 42). Feeding DDGS reduced (P < 0.04) ADG and ADFI, and tended to increase (P < 0.06) G:F. Increasing soybean hulls decreased G:F quadratically (P < 0.03) in diets without DDGS, but decreased G:F linearly (P < 0.01) in diets with DDGS (soybean hulls × DDGS interaction, P < 0.05). In experiment 4, 304 barrows (initially 11.7 ± 0.2 kg) were used in a 21-d study. Pigs were fed one of eight diets containing 0%, 5%, 10%, or 15% soybean hulls with or without 20% DDGS. No soybean hull × DDGS interactions were observed. Increasing soybean hulls tended to decrease (linear, P < 0.08) G:F. In conclusion, feeding low levels of soybean hulls did not affect nursery pig performance but more than 5% soybean hulls, with or without DDGS, decreased G:F. Formulating diets containing soybean hulls on an equal NE basis eliminated the negative effects on G:F, but the NE (1,003 kcal/kg) of soybean hulls used in this study was underestimated.