1. Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
2. Data Science Center, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
3. Department of Health Services Research, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
5. Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan