Prevalence, recent infection and predictors of HIV infection in fishing community along the shore of Lake Victoria in Tanzania

Author:

Panga Onna Duuma12,Joachim Agricola3,Samizi Florence George24,Gitige Catherine Gale25,Moremi Nyambura6,Simeo Japhet1,Mtebe Majigo3,Abade Ahmed2

Affiliation:

1. Regional Health Management Team, Geita 315, Tanzania

2. Tanzania Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Dar es Salaam 9083, Tanzania

3. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam 65001, Tanzania

4. Mwanayamala Regional Referral Hospital, Dar es Salaam 61665, Tanzania

5. Kibong'oto infectious Diseases Hospital, Kilimanjaro 12, Tanzania

6. National Health Laboratory Quality Assurance and Training Centre, Dar es Salaam 9083, Tanzania

Abstract

Abstract Background Fishing communities are a subpopulation burdened by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), mainly due to their mobility and cash income access. Strategies to mitigate the spread of HIV in fishing communities have varying outcomes. We conducted a study to determine the prevalence of HIV, recent infection and associated factors among fishing communities at Lake Victoria in Tanzania. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in the first quarter of 2019. The participants' information was collected using a structured questionnaire. Blood samples were screened for HIV infection; the positive samples were tested for avidity and viral load to determine the recent infection. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with HIV infection. Results A total of 1048 individuals were included with a mean age of 34 years (SD ± 11.5). The overall prevalence of HIV was 9.1%, while 7.4% had a recent infection. Lack of formal education, being separated/divorced/widowed, transactional sex, history of sexually transmitted infections, not tested for HIV in the last 12 months had 1.7 to three times more odds of contracting HIV. Conclusion A proportion of HIV recent infection among the fisherfolks was relatively high, signifying the continuous spread, which is predisposed by some demographic and behavioural characteristics.

Funder

Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,General Medicine

Reference36 articles.

1. 90–90–90, Epidemic control and ending AIDS: global situation and recommendations;Granich,2018

2. National guidelines for the management of HIV and AIDS;Tanzania Ministry of health, Community Development, Gender E and C,2017

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