Epigenetic regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic switch and neointimal formation by PRMT5

Author:

Zhu Ni1,Guo Zhi-Fu1,Kazama Kyosuke1,Yi Bing1,Tongmuang Nopprarat1,Yao Huijuan1,Yang Ruifeng1,Zhang Chen1,Qin Yongwen2,Han Lin2,Sun Jianxin1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University , 1020 Locust St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 , USA

2. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University , 168 Changhai Rd, Shanghai 200433 , China

Abstract

Abstract Aims Phenotypic transition of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from a contractile to a synthetic state is involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and post-angioplasty restenosis. Arginine methylation catalyzed by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) has been implicated in multiple cellular processes, however, its role in VSMC biology remains undetermined. The objective of this study was to determine the role of PRMTs in VSMC phenotypic switch and vascular remodelling after injury. Methods and results Our results show that PRMT5 is the most abundantly expressed PRMT in human aortic SMCs, and its expression is up-regulated in platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-stimulated VSMCs, human atherosclerotic lesions, and rat carotid arteries after injury, as determined by western blot and immunohistochemical staining. PRMT5 overexpression inhibits the expression of SMC marker genes and promotes VSMC proliferation and migration, while silencing PRMT5 exerts the opposite effects. Mechanistically, we found that PRMT5 overexpression led to histone di-methylation of H3R8 and H4R3, which in turn attenuates acetylation of H3K9 and H4, thus limiting recruitment of the SRF/myocardin complexes to the CArG boxes of SMC marker genes. Furthermore, both SMC-specific deletion of PRMT5 in mice and local delivery of lentivirus expressing shPRMT5 to rat carotid arteries significantly attenuated neointimal formation after injury. Likewise, pharmacological inhibition of PRMT5 by EPZ015666 markedly inhibited carotid artery ligation-induced neointimal formation in mice. Conclusions Our results identify PRMT5 as a novel regulator in VSMC phenotypic switch and suggest that inhibition of PRMT5 may represent an effective therapeutic strategy for proliferative vascular diseases.

Funder

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Physiology (medical),Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine,Physiology

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