Affiliation:
1. Students’ Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
2. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
Abstract
Abstract
Context
Although several investigations have been conducted on the association between serum vitamin D levels and prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children and adolescents, their findings are inconsistent.
Objective
We conducted a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis to summarize this subject.
Data Sources
The electronic databases of ISI Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and motor engineering of Google Scholar were comprehensively searched up to May 2023.
Data Extraction
Epidemiologic studies that investigated the risk of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in relation to serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in children and adolescents were included.
Data Analysis
Twenty-two investigations, with a total of 38 622 participants, were systematically reviewed. Meta-analysis of 15 studies (n = 32 720 participants) showed that participants with the highest serum vitamin D levels had 42% lower risk of hyperglycemia, compared with those in the lowest category of serum vitamin D levels (relative risk [RR] = 0.58; 95%CI, 0.48, 0.71). Moreover, pooling 8 studies (n = 10 465 participants) illustrated that highest serum vitamin D level was associated with a 44% lower risk of insulin resistance compared with the lowest serum vitamin D level (RR = 0.56; 95%CI, 0.37, 0.83). Based on linear dose-response analysis, each 10 nmol/L increment in serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D was associated with a 6% decreased risk of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in children. Furthermore, nonlinear dose-response analysis revealed that increasing serum vitamin D concentration from 40 nmol/L to sufficient values (>50 nmol/L) was associated with a decreasing trend in risk of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance.
Conclusion
This meta-analysis revealed inverse associations between serum vitamin D levels and hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in children and adolescents, in a dose-response manner. Increasing serum vitamin D concentration from 40 nmol/L to sufficient values (>50 nmol/L) was associated with a decreasing trend in hyperglycemia and insulin resistance risk. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023458155.
Funder
Students’ Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)