Causal linkage of psoriasis with ageing: Mendelian randomization and enrichment analysis towards telomere length and psoriasis

Abstract

Abstract Objective Several studies demonstrated potential associations between the telomere length (TL) in leukocytes and psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis (PsA). This study aimed to investigate whether there was the causal genetic relationship between TL and psoriatic diseases bidirectionally. Methods Two-sample univariable MR (UVMR) analysis was applied to explore the bidirectional causal association of TL with overall psoriasis, psoriasis vulgaris (PV) and PsA. Multivariable MR (MVMR) and the mediation effects analysis were applied to test whether the bidirectional associations between TLs and psoriasis were mediated by body mass index (BMI), alcohol, and smoking status. Results According to the UVMR results, a negative causal impact of TL on the risk of overall psoriasis was found (OR = 0.775; 95% CI: 0.646–0.931; P = 6.36 × 10−3), and a similar trend was observed in the reversed direction for psoriasis-TL (IVW-β = −0.0097; 95% CI: −0.0170 to −0.0024; P = 9.12 × 10−3). There were also negative genetic associations between TL and PV bidirectionally. The independent association of genetically predicted TL and overall psoriasis persisted in the MVMR results controlled for BMI, smoking, and alcohol consumption (ORMVMR = 0.736; 95% CI: 0.597 to 0.907; P = 0.004). An independent significant association of genetic predisposition to PsA with TL was also found (βMVMR = 0.006; 95% CI: 0.001 to 0.012; P = 0.033). The mediation analysis showed that BMI partially mediated the reverse association between PSO and TL. Conclusion This MR study revealed an association between genetic indicators of shortened TL and risk of overall psoriasis and PV, and genetic predisposition to PsA was associated with longer TL. Key message What is already known on this topic?  Telomere length (TL) is acknowledged to reflect an individual's biological age but is also associated with dysregulated immune function and immunosenescence. The impact of aging on psoriasis is controversial. Existing evidence suggests that aging may influence pathological changes and clinical course but whether aging is an independent risk factor remains unclear. What this study adds?  The current study found an association between genetic indicators of shortened TL and the risk of overall psoriasis and psoriasis vulgaris (PV). There was a bidirectional link between genetically indicated overall psoriasis and shortened TL. A possible positive genetic association between PsA and TL was also found. How this study might affect research, practice, or policy?  Our study may provide evidence for TL as new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in clinical practices for psoriasis. Greater efforts to psoriasis management may substantially reduce the aging attributable to TL shortening. Future large-scale GWAS and experimental studies are warranted to examine the mechanistic basis for links between TL and psoriasis to improve understanding and illuminate possible therapeutic targets for psoriatic disease.