Affiliation:
1. Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Department of Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, United Kingdom
2. Department of Applied Nutrition, Faculty of Livestock, Fisheries and Nutrition, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Makandura, Sri Lanka
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background
Previous acute studies suggest the Glu298Asp polymorphism (rs1799983) may influence vascular reactivity in response to long-chain n–3 PUFA intake. However, the effects of this genotype on postprandial vascular function after meals rich in SFAs, n–6 PUFAs, and MUFAs are unclear.
Objectives
This study determined the impact of the Glu298Asp polymorphism on changes in vascular function and cardiometabolic risk biomarkers in response to sequential meals of varying fat composition.
Methods
In a randomized, double-blind, crossover, acute study, 32 postmenopausal women (mean ± SD age: 58 ± 5 y; BMI: 25.9 ± 4.1 kg/m2) consumed mixed meals (breakfast: 0 min, 50 g fat; lunch: 330 min, 30 g fat) containing SFAs, n–6 PUFAs, or MUFAs on 3 occasions. Blood samples for cardiometabolic disease risk markers and real-time measures of vascular reactivity [including flow-mediated dilatation (FMD; primary outcome)] were collected/performed before and regularly for 480 min after breakfast. Participants were retrospectively genotyped for the Glu298Asp (rs1799983) polymorphism. Data were analyzed using linear mixed models.
Results
For the postprandial %FMD response, a test fat × genotype interaction was observed for the AUC (P = 0.019) but not incremental AUC (IAUC), with the AUC being ∼24% greater after MUFA- than after SFA- and n–6 PUFA–rich meals in the Glu298 homozygotes (P ≤ 0.026). Test fat × genotype interactions were also evident for postprandial insulin (P ≤ 0.005), with the MUFA-rich meals demonstrating significantly higher AUC (12.8%/14.9%), IAUC (14.6%/20.0%), and maximum concentration (20.0%/34.5%) than the SFA- and n–6 PUFA–rich meals, respectively, in Asp298 carriers (P < 0.05). Genotype did not influence other study outcome measures in response to the test fats.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest the Glu298Asp polymorphism may represent a potential determinant of the inter-individual variability in postprandial responsiveness of %FMD and insulin to acute meal fat composition in postmenopausal women. Further studies are required to confirm these observations.
This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02144454.
Funder
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Commonwealth Scholarship Commission
Rehab R&D Service
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Subject
Nutrition and Dietetics,Medicine (miscellaneous)
Cited by
1 articles.
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