1. Aberdeen Centre for Health Data Science, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen , Aberdeen , UK
2. Department of Renal Medicine, NHS Grampian , Aberdeen , UK
3. Division of Population Health and Genomics, University of Dundee , Dundee , UK
4. Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus , Denmark
5. Department of Community Health Sciences, O'Brien Institute for Public Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary, Alberta , Canada
6. Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary, Alberta , Canada