Increasing the census of ultracool dwarfs in wide binary and multiple systems using Dark Energy Survey DR1 and Gaia DR2 data

Author:

dal Ponte M12,Santiago B12,Carnero Rosell A23ORCID,Burningham B4ORCID,Yanny B5,Marshall J L6,Bechtol K78,Martini P910,Li T S1151213ORCID,De Paris L1,Abbott T M C14,Aguena M152,Allam S5,Avila S16,Bertin E1718,Bhargava S19,Brooks D20,Buckley-Geer E5,Kind M Carrasco2122,Carretero J23,da Costa L N224,De Vicente J3,Diehl H T5,Doel P20,Eifler T F2526,Everett S27,Flaugher B5,Fosalba P2829,Frieman J512,García-Bellido J16,Gaztanaga E2829,Gerdes D W3031,Gruen D321233,Gruendl R A2122,Gschwend J224,Gutierrez G5,Hinton S R3234,Hollowood D L27,Honscheid K935,James D J36,Kuehn K3738,Kuropatkin N5,Maia M A G224,March M39,Menanteau F2122,Miquel R2340,Palmese A512,Paz-Chinchón F2122,Plazas A A11,Sanchez E3,Scarpine V5,Serrano S2829,Sevilla-Noarbe I3,Smith M41,Suchyta E42,Swanson M E C22,Tarle G31,Thomas D43,Varga T N4445,Walker A R14,

Affiliation:

1. Instituto de Física, UFRGS, Caixa Postal 15051, Porto Alegre RS-91501-970, Brazil

2. Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia – LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro RJ-20921-400, Brazil

3. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain

4. Center for Astrophysics Research, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK

5. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA

6. George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA

7. LSST, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA

8. Physics Department, 2320 Chamberlin Hall, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1150 University Avenue Madison, WI 53706, USA

9. Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA

10. Department of Astronomy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA

11. Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA

12. Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA

13. Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara St., Pasadena, CA 91101, USA

14. Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, Casilla 603 La Serena, Chile

15. Departamento de Física Matemática, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 66318, São Paulo, SP 05314-970, Brazil

16. Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain

17. CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, F-75014 Paris, France

18. Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, F-75014 Paris, France

19. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pevensey Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QH, UK

20. Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK

21. Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA

22. National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, IL 61801, USA

23. Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain

24. Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro RJ-20921-400, Brazil

25. Department of Astronomy/Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA

26. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA 91109, USA

27. Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA

28. Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), E-08034 Barcelona, Spain

29. Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain

30. Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA

31. Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA

32. Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA

33. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA

34. School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia

35. Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA

36. Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

37. Australian Astronomical Optics, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia

38. Lowell Observatory, 1400 Mars Hill Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA

39. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA

40. Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain

41. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK

42. Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA

43. Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3FX, UK

44. Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrasse, D-85748 Garching, Germany

45. Universitäts-Sternwarte, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Scheinerstr. 1, D-81679 München, Germany

Abstract

ABSTRACT We present the discovery of 255 binary and 6 multiple system candidates with wide (> 5 arcsec) separation composed by ultracool dwarfs (UCDs) companions to stars, plus nine double ultracool dwarf systems. These systems were selected based on common distance criteria. About 90 per cent of the total sample has proper motions available and 73 per cent of the systems also satisfy a common proper motion criterion. The sample of ultracool candidates was taken from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) and the candidate stellar primaries are from Gaia DR2 and DES data. We compute chance alignment probabilities in order to assess the physical nature of each pair. We find that 174 candidate pairs with Gaia DR2 primaries and 81 pairs with a DES star as a primary have chance alignment probabilities $\lt 5{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. Only nine candidate systems composed of two UCDs were identified. The sample of candidate multiple systems is made up of five triple systems and one quadruple system. The majority of the UCDs found in binaries and multiples are of early L type and the typical wide binary fraction over the L spectral types is $2\!-\!4{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. Our sample of candidate wide binaries with UCDs as secondaries constitutes a substantial increase over the known number of such systems, which are very useful to constrain the formation and evolution of UCDs.

Funder

U.S. Department of Energy

National Science Foundation

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

Cited by 4 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

1. The Gaia ultracool dwarf sample – V: the ultracool dwarf companion catalogue;Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society;2024-08-20

2. Ultracool dwarfs candidates based on 6 yr of the Dark Energy Survey data;Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society;2023-03-30

3. Search for planets around stars with wide brown dwarfs;Astronomy & Astrophysics;2023-02-28

4. Exoplanets as Sub-GeV Dark Matter Detectors;Physical Review Letters;2021-04-22

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