Pre-explosion, explosion, and post-explosion jets in supernova SN 2019zrk

Abstract

ABSTRACT I analyse some properties of the luminous transient event SN 2019zrk and conclude that jets were the main powering sources of the pre-explosion outburst (pre-cursor) and ejection of a massive circumstellar matter (CSM), of the very energetic explosion itself, and of the post-explosion bump in the light curve. The pre-explosion energy source is mainly a companion (main sequence, Wolf–Rayet, neutron star, or black hole) star that accreted mass and launched jets. I find that the fast expansion of the CSM after acceleration by the explosion ejecta requires the explosion energy to be $\gtrsim 10^{52}\, {~\rm erg}$. Only jet-driven explosions can supply this energy in such SN 2009ip-like transients. I conclude that ejecta-CSM interaction is extremely unlikely to power the bright bump at about 110 d after explosion. Instead, I show by applying a jet-driven bump toy-model that post-explosion jets are the most likely explanation for the bump. I leave open the question of whether the explosion itself (main outburst) was a core collapse supernova (CCSN) or a common envelope jets supernova (CEJSN). In this study, I further connect peculiar transient events, here 2009ip-like transient events, to CCSNe by arguing that jets drive all events, from regular CCSNe through superluminous CCSNe and to many other peculiar and superenergetic transient events, including CEJSNe. Jet-powering cannot be ignored when analysing all these types of transients.