Blinding multiprobe cosmological experiments-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Blinding multiprobe cosmological experiments

Published:2020-04-15 Issue:3 Volume:494 Page:4454-4470
ISSN:0035-8711
Container-title:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
language:en
Short-container-title:

Author:

Muir J¹²^ORCID,Bernstein G M³,Huterer D²,Elsner F⁴⁵^ORCID,Krause E⁶,Roodman A¹⁷,Allam S⁸,Annis J⁸,Avila S⁹,Bechtol K¹⁰¹¹,Bertin E¹²¹³,Brooks D⁴,Buckley-Geer E⁸,Burke D L¹⁷,Carnero Rosell A¹⁴¹⁵,Carrasco Kind M¹⁶¹⁷,Carretero J¹⁸,Cawthon R¹¹,Costanzi M¹⁹²⁰,da Costa L N¹⁵²¹,De Vicente J¹⁴,Desai S²²,Dietrich J P²³²⁴,Doel P⁴,Eifler T F⁶²⁵,Everett S²⁶,Fosalba P²⁷²⁸,Frieman J⁸²⁹,García-Bellido J⁹,Gerdes D W³⁰²,Gruen D³¹¹⁷,Gruendl R A¹⁶¹⁷,Gschwend J¹⁵²¹,Hartley W G⁴³²,Hollowood D L²⁶,James D J³³,Jarvis M³,Kuehn K³⁴³⁵,Kuropatkin N⁸,Lahav O⁴,March M³,Marshall J L³⁶,Melchior P³⁷,Menanteau F¹⁶¹⁷,Miquel R¹⁸³⁸,Ogando R L C¹⁵²¹,Palmese A⁸²⁹,Paz-Chinchón F¹⁶¹⁷,Plazas A A³⁷,Romer A K³⁹,Sanchez E¹⁴,Scarpine V⁸,Schubnell M²,Serrano S²⁷²⁸,Sevilla-Noarbe I¹⁴,Smith M⁴⁰,Suchyta E⁴¹,Tarle G²,Thomas D⁴²,Troxel M A⁴³,Walker A R⁴⁴,Weller J²³⁴⁵⁴⁶,Wester W⁸,Zuntz J⁴⁷,

Affiliation:

1. Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, PO Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA

2. Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA

3. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA

4. Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK

5. Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany

6. Department of Astronomy/Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA

7. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA

8. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA

9. Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain

10. LSST, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA

11. Physics Department, 2320 Chamberlin Hall, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706-1390, USA

12. CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, F-75014 Paris, France

13. Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, F-75014 Paris, France

14. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain

15. Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia – LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil

16. Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA

17. National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, IL 61801, USA

18. Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain

19. INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, via G. B. Tiepolo 11, I-34143 Trieste, Italy

20. Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, Via Beirut 2, I-34014 Trieste, Italy

21. Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil

22. Department of Physics, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502285, India

23. Excellence Cluster Origins, Boltzmannstr. 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany

24. Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Scheinerstr. 1, D-81679 Munich, Germany

25. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA 91109, USA

26. Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA

27. Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), E-08034 Barcelona, Spain

28. Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain

29. Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA

30. Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA

31. Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA

32. Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 16, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland

33. Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

34. Australian Astronomical Optics, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia

35. Lowell Observatory, 1400 Mars Hill Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA

36. George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA

37. Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA

38. Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain

39. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pevensey Building, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, UK

40. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK

41. Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA

42. Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UK

43. Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA

44. Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile

45. Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrasse, D-85748 Garching, Germany

46. Universitäts-Sternwarte, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Scheinerstr. 1, D-81679 München, Germany

47. Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK

Abstract

ABSTRACT The goal of blinding is to hide an experiment’s critical results – here the inferred cosmological parameters – until all decisions affecting its analysis have been finalized. This is especially important in the current era of precision cosmology, when the results of any new experiment are closely scrutinized for consistency or tension with previous results. In analyses that combine multiple observational probes, like the combination of galaxy clustering and weak lensing in the Dark Energy Survey (DES), it is challenging to blind the results while retaining the ability to check for (in)consistency between different parts of the data. We propose a simple new blinding transformation, which works by modifying the summary statistics that are input to parameter estimation, such as two-point correlation functions. The transformation shifts the measured statistics to new values that are consistent with (blindly) shifted cosmological parameters while preserving internal (in)consistency. We apply the blinding transformation to simulated data for the projected DES Year 3 galaxy clustering and weak lensing analysis, demonstrating that practical blinding is achieved without significant perturbation of internal-consistency checks, as measured here by degradation of the χ2 between the data and best-fitting model. Our blinding method’s performance is expected to improve as experiments evolve to higher precision and accuracy.

Funder

Stanford University

University of Michigan

National Science Foundation

U.S. Department of Energy

Science and Technology Facilities Council

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

University of Chicago

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

University of Cambridge

University College London

Fermilab