The GOGREEN survey: post-infall environmental quenching fails to predict the observed age difference between quiescent field and cluster galaxies at z > 1

Author:

Webb Kristi12ORCID,Balogh Michael L12,Leja Joel3,van der Burg Remco F J4,Rudnick Gregory5,Muzzin Adam6,Boak Kevin1,Cerulo Pierluigi7,Gilbank David89ORCID,Lidman Chris1011,Old Lyndsay J1213ORCID,Pintos-Castro Irene13,McGee Sean14,Shipley Heath15,Biviano Andrea1617,Chan Jeffrey C C18ORCID,Cooper Michael19ORCID,De Lucia Gabriella16ORCID,Demarco Ricardo20,Forrest Ben18,Jablonka Pascale2122,Kukstas Egidijus23ORCID,McCarthy Ian G23ORCID,McNab Karen12,Nantais Julie24ORCID,Noble Allison2526,Poggianti Bianca27,Reeves Andrew M M12,Vulcani Benedetta27ORCID,Wilson Gillian18,Yee Howard K C13,Zaritsky Dennis28ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada

2. Waterloo Centre for Astrophysics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada

3. Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA

4. European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany

5. Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA

6. Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada

7. Departamento de Ingeniería Informática y Ciencias de la Computación, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile

8. South African Astronomical Observatory, PO Box 9, Observatory 7935, Cape Town, South Africa

9. Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, Cape Town, South Africa

10. Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Australian National University, Stromlo, ACT 2601, Australia

11. Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics, College of Science, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia

12. European Space Agency (ESA), European Space Astronomy Centre, Villanueva de la Cañada, E-28691 Madrid, Spain

13. Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada

14. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK

15. Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montréal, QC H3P 1T3, Canada

16. INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, via G. B. Tiepolo 11, I-34143 Trieste, Italy

17. IFPU – Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, via Beirut 2, I-34014 Trieste, Italy

18. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USA

19. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, 4129 Frederick Reines Hall, Irvine, CA 92697, USA

20. Departamento de Astronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile

21. Laboratoire d’astrophysique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1290 Sauverny, Switzerland

22. GEPI, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Place Jules Janssen, F-92190 Meudon, France

23. Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, UK

24. Departamento de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Fernandez Concha 700, Las Condes 7591538, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile

25. School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 871404, USA

26. MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, 70 Vassar St, Cambridge, MA 02109, USA

27. INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padova, Italy

28. Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA

Abstract

ABSTRACT We study the star formation histories (SFHs) and mass-weighted ages of 331 UVJ-selected quiescent galaxies in 11 galaxy clusters and in the field at 1 < z < 1.5 from the Gemini Observations of Galaxies in Rich Early ENvironments (GOGREEN) survey. We determine the SFHs of individual galaxies by simultaneously fitting rest-frame optical spectroscopy and broad-band photometry to stellar population models. We confirm that the SFHs are consistent with more massive galaxies having on average earlier formation times. Comparing galaxies found in massive clusters with those in the field, we find galaxies with M* < 1011.3 M⊙ in the field have more extended SFHs. From the SFHs we calculate the mass-weighted ages, and compare age distributions of galaxies between the two environments, at fixed mass. We constrain the difference in mass-weighted ages between field and cluster galaxies to $0.31_{^{-0.33}}^{_{+0.51}}$ Gyr, in the sense that cluster galaxies are older. We place this result in the context of two simple quenching models and show that neither environmental quenching based on time since infall (without pre-processing) nor a difference in formation times alone can reproduce both the average age difference and relative quenched fractions. This is distinctly different from local clusters, for which the majority of the quenched population is consistent with having been environmentally quenched upon infall. Our results suggest that quenched population in galaxy clusters at z > 1 has been driven by different physical processes than those at play at z = 0.

Funder

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada

Ecological Society of Australia Incorporated

National Science Foundation

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Adaptable and Seamless Technology Transfer Program through Target-Driven R and D

Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga

Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca

Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica

Centro de Astrofísica y Tecnologías Afines

Alberta Livestock and Meat Agency

Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

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