JWST reveals widespread AGN-driven neutral gas outflows in massive z ~ 2 galaxies

Author:

Davies Rebecca L12ORCID,Belli Sirio3ORCID,Park Minjung4ORCID,Mendel J Trevor25,Johnson Benjamin D4,Conroy Charlie4,Benton Chloë6,Bugiani Letizia3,Emami Razieh4,Leja Joel789ORCID,Li Yijia78,Maheson Gabriel1011ORCID,Mathews Elijah P789,Naidu Rohan P12,Nelson Erica J6,Tacchella Sandro1011ORCID,Terrazas Bryan A13ORCID,Weinberger Rainer14ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology , Hawthorn, Victoria 3122 , Australia

2. ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D) , Australia

3. Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia , Universitá di Bologna, 40129 Bologna , Italy

4. Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian , Cambridge, MA 02138 , USA

5. Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University , Canberra 2611, ACT , Australia

6. Department for Astrophysical and Planetary Science, University of Colorado , Boulder, CO 80305 , USA

7. Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802 , USA

8. Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802 , USA

9. Institute for Computational & Data Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802 , USA

10. Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0EZ , UK

11. Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0EZ , UK

12. MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research , Cambridge, MA 02139 , USA

13. Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University , New York, NY 10027 , USA

14. Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics , 14482 Potsdam , Germany

Abstract

ABSTRACT We use deep JWST/NIRSpec R ∼ 1000 slit spectra of 113 galaxies at $1.7 < z < 3.5$, selected from the mass-complete Blue Jay survey, to investigate the prevalence and typical properties of neutral gas outflows at cosmic noon. We detect excess Na id absorption (beyond the stellar contribution) in 46 per cent of massive galaxies (log  M*/M⊙ > 10), with similar incidence rates in star-forming and quenching systems. Half of the absorption profiles are blueshifted by at least 100 km s−1, providing unambiguous evidence for neutral gas outflows. Galaxies with strong Na id absorption are distinguished by enhanced emission line ratios consistent with AGN ionization. We conservatively measure mass outflow rates of 3–100 M⊙ yr−1; comparable to or exceeding ionized gas outflow rates measured for galaxies at similar stellar mass and redshift. The outflows from the quenching systems (log(sSFR)[yr−1] ≲ −10) have mass loading factors of 4–360, and the energy and momentum outflow rates exceed the expected injection rates from supernova explosions, suggesting that these galaxies could possibly be caught in a rapid blowout phase powered by the AGN. Our findings suggest that AGN-driven ejection of cold gas may be a dominant mechanism for fast quenching of star formation at z ∼ 2.

Funder

Australian Research Council

ERC

STScI

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

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