FLASH early science – discovery of an intervening H i 21-cm absorber from an ASKAP survey of the GAMA 23 field

Author:

Allison J R12ORCID,Sadler E M234ORCID,Bellstedt S5ORCID,Davies L J M5ORCID,Driver S P56,Ellison S L7ORCID,Huynh M58ORCID,Kapińska A D9,Mahony E K4,Moss V A43ORCID,Robotham A S G5ORCID,Whiting M T4,Curran S J10,Darling J11,Hotan A W4,Hunstead R W3,Koribalski B S4ORCID,Lagos C D P25ORCID,Pettini M12,Pimbblet K A13,Voronkov M A4

Affiliation:

1. Sub-Deptartment of Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Rd., Oxford OX1 3RH, UK

2. ARC Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D)

3. Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics A28, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia

4. CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, PO Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia

5. International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia

6. School of Physics & Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK

7. Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Victoria, Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 1A1, Canada

8. CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, 26 Dick Perry Avenue, Kensington WA 6151, Australia

9. National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 1003 Lopezville Rd., Socorro, NM 87801, USA

10. School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand

11. Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, 389 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309-0389, USA

12. Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK

13. E. A. Milne Centre for Astrophysics, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Kingston-upon-Hull HU6 7RX, UK

Abstract

ABSTRACT We present early science results from the First Large Absorption Survey in H i (FLASH), a spectroscopically blind survey for 21-cm absorption lines in cold hydrogen (H i) gas at cosmological distances using the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP). We have searched for H i absorption towards 1253 radio sources in the GAMA 23 field, covering redshifts between z = 0.34 and 0.79 over a sky area of approximately 50 deg2. In a purely blind search, we did not obtain any detections of 21-cm absorbers above our reliability threshold. Assuming a fiducial value for the H i spin temperature of Tspin = 100 K and source covering fraction cf = 1, the total comoving absorption path-length sensitive to all Damped Lyman α Absorbers (DLAs; NH i ≥ 2 × 1020 cm−2) is ΔX = 6.6 ± 0.3 (Δz = 3.7 ± 0.2) and super-DLAs (NH i ≥ 2 × 1021 cm−2) is ΔX = 111 ± 6 (Δz= 63 ± 3). We estimate upper limits on the H i column density frequency distribution function that are consistent with measurements from prior surveys for redshifted optical DLAs, and nearby 21-cm emission and absorption. By cross-matching our sample of radio sources with optical spectroscopic identifications of galaxies in the GAMA 23 field, we were able to detect 21-cm absorption at z = 0.3562 towards NVSS J224500−343030, with a column density of $N_{\rm H\,\small{I}} = (1.2 \pm 0.1) \times 10^{20}\, (T_{\rm spin}/100\, \mathrm{K})$ cm−2. The absorber is associated with GAMA J22450.05−343031.7, a massive early-type galaxy at an impact parameter of 17 kpc with respect to the radio source and which may contain a massive (MH i ≳ 3 × 109 M⊙) gas disc. Such gas-rich early types are rare, but have been detected in the nearby Universe.

Funder

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

ERC

University of Padova

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

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