HIPASS study of southern ultradiffuse galaxies and low surface brightness galaxies

Abstract

ABSTRACT We present results from an H i counterpart search using the HI Parkes All Sky Survey (HIPASS) for a sample of low surface brightness galaxies (LSBGs) and ultradiffuse galaxies (UDGs) identified from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). We aimed to establish the redshifts of the DES LSBGs to determine the UDG fraction and understand their properties. Out of 409 galaxies investigated, none were unambiguously detected in H i. Our study was significantly hampered by the high spectral rms of HIPASS and thus in this paper we do not make any strong conclusive claims but discuss the main trends and possible scenarios our results reflect. The overwhelming number of non-detections suggest that (a) Either all the LSBGs in the groups, blue or red, have undergone environment aided pre-processing and are H i deficient or the majority of them are distant galaxies, beyond the HIPASS detection threshold. (b) The sample investigated is most likely dominated by galaxies with H i masses typical of dwarf galaxies. Had there been Milky Way (MW) size (Re) galaxies in our sample, with proportionate H i content, they would have been detected, even with the limitations imposed by the HIPASS spectral quality. This leads us to infer that if some of the LSBGs have MW-size optical diameters, their H i content is possibly in the dwarf range. More sensitive observations using the SKA precursors in future may resolve these questions.