Long-term follow-up observations of extreme coronal line emitting galaxies-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Long-term follow-up observations of extreme coronal line emitting galaxies

Published:2024-02-15 Issue:4 Volume:528 Page:7076-7102
ISSN:0035-8711
Container-title:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
language:en
Short-container-title:

Author:

Clark Peter¹^ORCID,Graur Or¹²^ORCID,Callow Joseph¹^ORCID,Aguilar Jessica³,Ahlen Steven⁴^ORCID,Anderson Joseph P⁵⁶^ORCID,Berger Edo⁷^ORCID,Müller-Bravo Tomás E⁸⁹^ORCID,Brink Thomas G¹⁰^ORCID,Brooks David¹¹^ORCID,Chen Ting-Wan¹²¹³^ORCID,Claybaugh Todd³^ORCID,de la Macorra Axel¹⁴^ORCID,Doel Peter¹¹^ORCID,Filippenko Alexei V¹⁰^ORCID,Forero-Romero Jamie E¹⁵¹⁶^ORCID,Gomez Sebastian¹⁷^ORCID,Gromadzki Mariusz¹⁸^ORCID,Honscheid Klaus¹⁹²⁰^ORCID,Inserra Cosimo²¹^ORCID,Kisner Theodore³^ORCID,Landriau Martin³^ORCID,Makrygianni Lydia²²^ORCID,Manera Marc²³²⁴^ORCID,Meisner Aaron²⁵^ORCID,Miquel Ramon²⁴²⁶^ORCID,Moustakas John²⁷^ORCID,Nicholl Matt²⁸^ORCID,Nie Jundan²⁹^ORCID,Onori Francesca³⁰^ORCID,Palmese Antonella³¹^ORCID,Poppett Claire³³²^ORCID,Reynolds Thomas³³³⁴^ORCID,Rezaie Mehdi³⁵^ORCID,Rossi Graziano³⁶^ORCID,Sanchez Eusebio³⁷^ORCID,Schubnell Michael³⁸^ORCID,Tarlé Gregory³⁸^ORCID,Weaver Benjamin A²⁵,Wevers Thomas⁵^ORCID,Young David R²⁸^ORCID,Zheng WeiKang¹⁰^ORCID,Zhou Zhimin²⁹^ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth , Portsmouth PO1 3FX , UK

2. Department of Astrophysics, American Museum of Natural History , New York, NY 10024 , USA

3. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720 , USA

4. Physics Department, Boston University , 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215 , USA

5. European Southern Observatory , Alonso de Córdova 3107, Casilla 19, Santiago , Chile

6. Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS) , Nuncio Monsenor Sotero Sanz 100, Off. 104, Providencia, Santiago , Chile

7. Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 , USA

8. Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB , Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, E-08193 Barcelona , Spain

9. Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) , E-08034 Barcelona , Spain

10. Department of Astronomy, University of California , Berkeley, CA 94720-3411 , USA

11. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London , Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT , UK

12. Physik-Department, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching , Germany

13. Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik , Karl-Schwarzschild Straße 1, D-85748 Garching , Germany

14. Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Cd. de México C.P. 04510 , México

15. Departamento de Física, Universidad de los Andes , Cra. 1 No. 18A-10, Edificio Ip, CP 111711, Bogotá , Colombia

16. Observatorio Astronómico, Universidad de los Andes , Cra. 1 No. 18A-10, Edificio H, CP 111711 Bogotá , Colombia

17. Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 , USA

18. Astronomical Observatory, University of Warsaw , Al. Ujazdowskie 4, PL-00-478 Warszawa , Poland

19. Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, The Ohio State University , 191 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 , USA

20. Department of Physics, The Ohio State University , 191 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 , USA

21. Cardiff Hub for Astrophysics Research and Technology, School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University , Queens Buildings, The Parade, Cardiff, CF24 3AA , UK

22. The School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978 , Israel

23. Departament de Física , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) , Spain

24. Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB , E-08193 Bellaterra Barcelona , Spain

25. NSF’s NOIRLab , 950 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719 , USA

26. Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats , Passeig de Lluís Companys, 23, E-08010 Barcelona , Spain

27. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Siena College , 515 Loudon Road, Loudonville, NY 12211 , USA

28. Astrophysics Research Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queens University Belfast , Belfast BT7 1NN , UK

29. National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , A20 Datun Rd., Chaoyang District, Beijing 100012 , PR China

30. INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico d’Abruzzo , via M. Maggini snc, I-64100 Teramo , Italy

31. Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University , 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 , USA

32. Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California , Berkeley, 7 Gauss Way, Berkeley, CA 94720 , USA

33. Tuorla Observatory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku , FI-20014 Turku , Finland

34. Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN), Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , Jagtvej 128, DK-2200 København N , Denmark

35. Department of Physics, Kansas State University , 116 Cardwell Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 , USA

36. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sejong University , Seoul 143-747 , Korea

37. CIEMAT , Avenida Complutense 40, E-28040 Madrid , Spain

38. Department of Physics, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109 , USA

Abstract

ABSTRACT We present new spectroscopic and photometric follow-up observations of the known sample of extreme coronal line-emitting galaxies (ECLEs) identified in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). With these new data, observations of the ECLE sample now span a period of two decades following their initial SDSS detections. We confirm the non-recurrence of the iron coronal line signatures in five of the seven objects, further supporting their identification as the transient light echoes of tidal disruption events (TDEs). Photometric observations of these objects in optical bands show little overall evolution. In contrast, mid-infrared (MIR) observations show ongoing long-term declines consistent with power-law decay. The remaining two objects had been classified as active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with unusually strong coronal lines rather than being TDE related, given the persistence of the coronal lines in earlier follow-up spectra. We confirm this classification, with our spectra continuing to show the presence of strong, unchanged coronal line features and AGN-like MIR colours and behaviour. We have constructed spectral templates of both subtypes of ECLE to aid in distinguishing the likely origin of newly discovered ECLEs. We highlight the need for higher cadence, and more rapid, follow-up observations of such objects to better constrain their properties and evolution. We also discuss the relationships between ECLEs, TDEs, and other identified transients having significant MIR variability.

Funder

Science and Technology Facilities Council

ANID

MCIN

AEI

European Union

European Research Council

UK Space Agency

DOE

Office of Science

National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center

NSF