The intrinsic reddening of the Magellanic Clouds as traced by background galaxies – II. The Small Magellanic Cloud-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

The intrinsic reddening of the Magellanic Clouds as traced by background galaxies – II. The Small Magellanic Cloud

Published:2020-09-21 Issue:1 Volume:499 Page:993-1004
ISSN:0035-8711
Container-title:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
language:en
Short-container-title:

Author:

Bell Cameron P M¹^ORCID,Cioni Maria-Rosa L¹^ORCID,Wright A H²^ORCID,Rubele Stefano³⁴,Nidever David L⁵⁶^ORCID,Tatton Ben L⁷,van Loon Jacco Th⁷^ORCID,Zaritsky Dennis⁸^ORCID,Choi Yumi⁵⁹^ORCID,Choudhury Samyaday¹⁰¹¹^ORCID,Clementini Gisella¹²^ORCID,de Grijs Richard¹⁰¹¹¹³^ORCID,Ivanov Valentin D¹⁴^ORCID,Majewski Steven R¹⁵^ORCID,Marconi Marcella¹⁶^ORCID,Martínez-Delgado David¹⁷^ORCID,Massana Pol¹⁸^ORCID,Muñoz Ricardo R¹⁹^ORCID,Niederhofer Florian¹^ORCID,Noël Noelia E D¹⁸^ORCID,Oliveira Joana M⁷^ORCID,Olsen Knut⁶^ORCID,Pennock Clara M⁷,Ripepi V¹⁶^ORCID,Subramanian Smitha²⁰^ORCID,Vivas A Katherina²¹^ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), An der Sternwarte 16, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany

2. Astronomisches Institut, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr 150, D-44801 Bochum, Germany

3. Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Padova, Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 2, I-35122 Padova, Italy

4. INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padova, Italy

5. Department of Physics, Montana State University, PO Box 173840, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA

6. National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory (NOIRLab), 950 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA

7. Lennard-Jones Laboratories, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG, UK

8. Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA

9. Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA

10. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Macquarie University, Balaclava Road, Sydney NSW 2109, Australia

11. Research Centre for Astronomy, Astrophysics and Astrophotonics, Macquarie University, Balaclava Road, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia

12. INAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Gobetti 93/3, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

13. International Space Science Institute – Beijing, 1 Nanertiao, Zhongguancun, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100190, China

14. European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str 2, D-85748 Garching bei München, Germany

15. Department of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA

16. INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Via Moiariello 16, I-80131 Naples, Italy

17. Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, CSIC, E-18080, Granada, Spain

18. Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK

19. Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile, Camino del Observatorio 1515, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile

20. Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Koramangala II Block, Bangalore 560034, India

21. Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile

Abstract

ABSTRACT We present a map of the total intrinsic reddening across ≃34 deg2 of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) derived using optical (ugriz) and near-infrared (IR; YJKs) spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of background galaxies. The reddening map is created using a subsample of 29 274 galaxies with low levels of intrinsic reddening based on the lephare χ2 minimization SED-fitting routine. We find statistically significant enhanced levels of reddening associated with the main body of the SMC compared with regions in the outskirts [ΔE(B − V) ≃ 0.3 mag]. A comparison with literature reddening maps of the SMC shows that, after correcting for differences in the volume of the SMC sampled, there is good agreement between our results and maps created using young stars. In contrast, we find significant discrepancies between our results and maps created using old stars or based on longer wavelength far-IR dust emission that could stem from biased samples in the former and uncertainties in the far-IR emissivity and the optical properties of the dust grains in the latter. This study represents one of the first large-scale categorizations of extragalactic sources behind the SMC and as such we provide the lephare outputs for our full sample of ∼500 000 sources.

Funder

European Research Council

European Commission

H2020 European Research Council

National Science Foundation

European Regional Development Fund

Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico, Tecnológico y de Innovación Tecnológica

Science and Engineering Research Board

Combat Casualty Care Research Program

Science and Technology Facilities Council

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)