A search for transit timing variations in the HATS-18 planetary system

Author:

Southworth John1ORCID,Barker A J2ORCID,Hinse T C34ORCID,Jongen Y5,Dominik M6ORCID,Jørgensen U G7,Longa-Peña P8,Sajadian S9,Snodgrass C10ORCID,Tregloan-Reed J11ORCID,Bach-Møller N712ORCID,Bonavita M10ORCID,Bozza V1314,Burgdorf M J15,Figuera Jaimes R16,Helling Ch1217,Hitchcock J A6ORCID,Hundertmark M18,Khalouei E19,Korhonen H20ORCID,Mancini L21222324ORCID,Peixinho N25,Rahvar S26ORCID,Rabus M27ORCID,Skottfelt J28,Spyratos P1

Affiliation:

1. Astrophysics Group, Keele University , Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK

2. Department of Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematics, University of Leeds , Leeds LS2 9JT, UK

3. Institute of Astronomy, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University , ul. Grudziadzka 5, PL-87-100 Toruń, Poland

4. Chungnam National University, Department of Astronomy, Space Science and Geology , Daejeon, South Korea

5. Observatoire de Vaison-La-Romaine, Départementale 51 , près du Centre Equestre au Palis, F-84110 Vaison-La-Romaine, France

6. Centre for Exoplanet Science, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews , North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK

7. Centre for ExoLife Sciences, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , Øster Voldgade 5, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark

8. Centro de Astronomía, CITEVA, Universidad de Antofagasta , Av. Angamos 601, Antofagasta, Chile

9. Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology , Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran

10. Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh , Royal Observatory, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK

11. Instituto de Astronomia y Ciencias Planetarias de Atacama, Universidad de Atacama , Copayapu 485, Copiapo, Chile

12. Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences , Schmiedlstrasse 6, A-8042 Graz, Austria

13. Dipartimento di Fisica ‘E.R. Caianiello’, Università di Salerno , Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy

14. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare , Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy

15. Universität Hamburg, Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Natural Sciences , Bundesstraße 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany

16. Facultad de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad San Sebastian , General Lagos 1163, Valdivia 5110693, Chile

17. TU Graz, Fakultät für Mathematik, Physik und Geodäsie , Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria

18. Astronomisches Rechen-Institut, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg (ZAH) , D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany

19. Astronomy Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea

20. European Southern Observatory (ESO) , Alonso de Córdova 3107, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile

21. Department of Physics, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’ , Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy

22. Max Planck Institute for Astronomy , K’onigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

23. INAF – Turin Astrophysical Observatory , via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy

24. International Institute for Advanced Scientific Studies (IIASS) , Via G. Pellegrino 19, I-84019 Vietri sul Mare (SA), Italy

25. Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade de Coimbra , P-T3040-004 Coimbra, Portugal

26. Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology , PO Box 11155-9161 Tehran, Iran

27. Departamento de Matemática y Física Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción , Alonso de Rivera 2850, Concepción, Chile

28. Centre for Electronic Imaging, Department of Physical Sciences, The Open University , Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK

Abstract

ABSTRACT HATS-18 b is a transiting planet with a large mass and a short orbital period, and is one of the best candidates for the detection of orbital decay induced by tidal effects. We present extensive photometry of HATS-18 from which we measure 27 times of mid-transit. Two further transit times were measured from data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and three more taken from the literature. The transit timings were fitted with linear and quadratic ephemerides and an upper limit on orbital decay was determined. This corresponds to a lower limit on the modified stellar tidal quality factor of $Q_\star ^{\, \prime } \gt 10^{5.11 \pm 0.04}$. This is at the cusp of constraining the presence of enhanced tidal dissipation due to internal gravity waves. We also refine the measured physical properties of the HATS-18 system, place upper limits on the masses of third bodies, and compare the relative performance of TESS and the 1.54 m Danish Telescope in measuring transit times for this system.

Funder

STFC

Novo Nordisk Foundation

European Union

FCT

National Research Foundation

NRF

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

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