Intensity mapping as a probe of axion dark matter

Author:

Bauer Jurek B1ORCID,Marsh David J E1,Hložek Renée2,Padmanabhan Hamsa234ORCID,Laguë Alex23ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany

2. Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics and Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada

3. Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, 60 St George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada

4. Département de Physique Théorique, Université de Genève, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland

Abstract

ABSTRACT We consider intensity mapping (IM) of neutral hydrogen (H i) in the redshift range 0 ≲ z ≲ 3 employing a halo model approach where H i is assumed to follow the distribution of dark matter (DM) haloes. If a portion of the DM is composed of ultralight axions, then the abundance of haloes is changed compared to cold DM below the axion Jeans mass. With fixed total H i density, $\Omega _{\rm H\, \rm {\small I}}$, assumed to reside entirely in haloes, this effect introduces a scale-independent increase in the H i power spectrum on scales above the axion Jeans scale, which our model predicts consistent with N-body simulations. Lighter axions introduce a scale-dependent feature even on linear scales due to its suppression of the matter power spectrum near the Jeans scale. We use the Fisher matrix formalism to forecast the ability of future H i surveys to constrain the axion fraction of DM and marginalize over astrophysical and model uncertainties. We find that a HIRAX-like survey is a very reliable IM survey configuration, being affected minimally by uncertainties due to non-linear scales, while the SKA1MID configuration is the most constraining as it is sensitive to non-linear scales. Including non-linear scales and combining a SKA1MID-like IM survey with the Simons Observatory CMB, the benchmark ‘fuzzy DM’ model with ma = 10−22 eV can be constrained at few per cent. This is almost an order of magnitude improvement over current limits from the Ly α forest. For lighter ULAs, this limit improves below 1 per cent, and allows the possibility to test the connection between axion models and the grand unification scale across a wide range of masses.

Funder

Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada

University of Toronto

Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

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