Using the motion of S2 to constrain scalar clouds around Sgr A*-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Using the motion of S2 to constrain scalar clouds around Sgr A*

Published:2023-06-27 Issue:1 Volume:524 Page:1075-1086
ISSN:0035-8711
Container-title:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
language:en
Short-container-title:

Author:

Foschi A¹²^ORCID,Abuter R³,Aimar N⁴,Amaro Seoane P⁵⁶⁷⁸,Amorim A¹⁹,Bauböck M⁵¹⁰,Berger J P¹¹^ORCID,Bonnet H³,Bourdarot G⁵,Brandner W¹²^ORCID,Cardoso V¹¹³,Clénet Y⁴,Dallilar Y⁵,Davies R⁵,de Zeeuw P T⁵¹⁴,Defrère D¹⁵,Dexter J¹⁶,Drescher A⁵,Eckart A¹⁷¹⁸,Eisenhauer F⁵,Ferreira M C¹,Förster Schreiber N M⁵,Garcia P J V¹²,Gao F⁵¹⁹,Gendron E⁵,Genzel R⁵²⁰,Gillessen S⁵,Gomes T¹²,Habibi M⁵,Haubois X²¹,Heißel G⁵²²,Henning T¹²,Hippler S¹²,Hönig S F²³,Horrobin M¹⁷,Jochum L²¹,Jocou L¹¹,Kaufer A²¹,Kervella P⁴,Kreidberg L¹²,Lacour S⁴,Lapeyrère V⁴,Le Bouquin J-B¹¹,Léna P⁴,Lutz D⁵,Millour F²⁴,Ott T⁵,Paumard T⁴,Perraut K¹¹,Perrin G⁴,Pfuhl O³¹³,Rabien S¹³,Ribeiro D C¹³,Sadun Bordoni M¹³,Scheithauer S¹²,Shangguan J¹³,Shimizu T¹³,Stadler J¹³²⁵,Straub O¹³²⁶,Straubmeier C¹⁷,Sturm E¹³,Sykes C²³,Tacconi L J¹³,Vincent F⁴,von Fellenberg S¹³¹⁸,Widmann F¹³,Wieprecht E¹³,Wiezorrek E¹³,Woillez J³,Yazici S,

Affiliation:

1. CENTRA - Centro de Astrofísica e Gravitação, IST, Universidade de Lisboa , 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal

2. Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto , rua Dr Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal

3. European Southern Observatory , Karl-Schwarzschild-Straße 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany

4. LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris , 5 place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France

5. Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics , Giessenbachstraße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany

6. Universitat Politècnica de València , València, Spain

7. Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics , Beijing, China

8. Higgs Centre for Theoretical Physics , Edinburgh, UK

9. Universidade de Lisboa - Faculdade de Ciências , Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal

10. Department of Physics, University of Illinois , 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA

11. Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG , F-38000 Grenoble, France

12. Max Planck Institute for Astronomy , Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

13. Niels Bohr International Academy, Niels Bohr Institute , Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

14. Leiden University , 2311EZ Leiden, The Netherlands

15. Institute of Astronomy , KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium

16. Department of Astrophysical & Planetary Sciences, JILA , Duane Physics Bldg., 2000 Colorado Ave, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA

17. 1st Institute of Physics, University of Cologne , Zülpicher Straße 77, D-50937 Cologne, Germany

18. Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy , auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany

19. Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg , Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany

20. Departments of Physics and Astronomy , Le Conte Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

21. European Southern Observatory , Casilla 19001, Santiago 19, Chile

22. Advanced Concepts Team, European Space Agency , TEC-SF, ES-TEC, Keplerlaan 1, NL-2201, AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands

23. School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Southampton , Southampton, SO18 4EX, United Kingdom

24. Université Côte d’Azur , Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Lagrange, France

25. Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics , Karl-Schwarzschild-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany

26. ORIGINS Excellence Cluster , Boltzmannstraße 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany

Abstract

ABSTRACT The motion of S2, one of the stars closest to the Galactic Centre, has been measured accurately and used to study the compact object at the centre of the Milky Way. It is commonly accepted that this object is a supermassive black hole, but the nature of its environment is open to discussion. Here, we investigate the possibility that dark matter in the form of an ultralight scalar field ‘cloud’ clusters around Sgr A*. We use the available data for S2 to perform a Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis and find the best-fit estimates for a scalar cloud structure. Our results show no substantial evidence for such structures. When the cloud size is on the order of the size of the orbit of S2, we are able to constrain its mass to be smaller than 0.1 % of the central mass, setting a strong bound on the presence of new fields in the galactic centre.

Funder

European Research Council

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia

Villum Foundation

DNRF

H2020

European Union

Horizon 2020

Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions

FCT