A fast neural emulator for interstellar chemistry

Author:

Ramos A Asensio12ORCID,Plaza C Westendorp12,Navarro-Almaida D3ORCID,Rivière-Marichalar P4ORCID,Wakelam V5ORCID,Fuente A6

Affiliation:

1. Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC) , Avda Vía Láctea S/N, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife , Spain

2. Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna , E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife , Spain

3. Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Cité , CEA, CNRS, AIM, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette , France

4. Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (OAN,IGN) , Calle Alfonso XII, 3. E-28014 Madrid , Spain

5. Laboratoire d’astrophysique de Bordeaux (LAB), Univ. Bordeaux , CNRS, B18N, allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, F-33615 Pessac , France

6. Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC/INTA) , Ctra. de Torrejón a Ajalvir km 4, E-28850 Torrejón de Ardoz , Spain

Abstract

ABSTRACT Astrochemical models are important tools to interpret observations of molecular and atomic species in different environments. However, these models are time-consuming, precluding a thorough exploration of the parameter space, leading to uncertainties and biased results. Using neural networks to simulate the behaviour of astrochemical models is a way to circumvent this problem, providing fast calculations that are based on real astrochemical models. In this paper, we present a fast neural emulator of the astrochemical code Nautilus based on conditional neural fields. The resulting model produces the abundance of 192 species for arbitrary times between 1 and 107 yr. Uncertainties well below 0.2 dex are found for all species, while the computing time is of the order of 104 smaller than Nautilus. This will open up the possibility of performing much more complex forward models to better understand the physical properties of the interstellar medium. As an example of the power of these models, we ran a feature importance analysis on the electron abundance predicted by Nautilus. We found that the electron density is coupled to the initial sulphur abundance in a low-density gas. Increasing the initial sulphur abundance from a depleted scenario to the cosmic abundance leads to an enhancement of an order of magnitude of the electron density. This enhancement can potentially influence the dynamics of the gas in star formation sites.

Funder

Agencia Estatal de Investigación

Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades

European Regional Development Fund

Fundación Ramón Areces

Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation

European Research Council

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

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