Determining Quasar Orientation

Author:

Yong Suk Yee1ORCID,Webster Rachel L1,King Anthea L1,Bate Nicholas F1,Labrie Kathleen2,O’Dowd Matthew J345

Affiliation:

1. School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia

2. Gemini Observatory, Hilo, HI 96720, USA

3. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Lehman College of the CUNY, Bronx, NY 10468, USA

4. Department of Astrophysics, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West and 79th Street, NY 10024-5192, USA

5. The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA

Abstract

Abstract Since the discovery of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and their subclasses, a unification scheme of AGN has been long sought. Orientation-based unified models predict that some of the diversity within AGN subclasses can be explained by the different viewing angles of the observer. Several orientation categorisations have been suggested, but a widely applicable measure has yet to be found. Using the properties of the ultraviolet and optical broad emission lines of quasars, in particular the velocity offsets and line widths of high-ionisation C iv and low-ionisation Mg ii lines, a correlation has been measured. It is postulated that this correlation is due to the viewing angle of the observer. Comparison with other orientation tracers shows consistency with this interpretation. Using a simulation of a wide angle disk-wind model for the broad emission line region, we successfully replicate the observed correlation with inclination. Future more detailed modelling will not only enable improved accuracy in the determination of the viewing angle to individual AGN, but will also substantially increase our understanding of the emitting regions of AGN.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

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