DECORAS: detection and characterization of radio-astronomical sources using deep learning

Author:

Rezaei S12ORCID,McKean J P13,Biehl M24,Javadpour A5

Affiliation:

1. Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, Postbus 800, NL-9700 AV Groningen, the Netherlands

2. Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Groningen, Postbus 407, NL-9700 AK Groningen, the Netherlands

3. ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, NL-7991 PD Dwingeloo, the Netherlands

4. SMQB, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research IBR Tower, Level 3 College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK

5. School of Mathematics, Computer Science and Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China

Abstract

ABSTRACT We present DECORAS, a deep-learning-based approach to detect both point and extended sources from Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations. Our approach is based on an encoder-decoder neural network architecture that uses a low number of convolutional layers to provide a scalable solution for source detection. In addition, DECORAS performs source characterization in terms of the position, effective radius, and peak brightness of the detected sources. We have trained and tested the network with images that are based on realistic Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) observations at 20 cm. Also, these images have not gone through any prior de-convolution step and are directly related to the visibility data via a Fourier transform. We find that the source catalogue generated by DECORAS has a better overall completeness and purity, when compared to a traditional source detection algorithm. DECORAS is complete at the 7.5σ level, and has an almost factor of 2 improvement in purity at 5.5σ. We find that DECORAS can recover the position of the detected sources to within 0.61 ± 0.69 mas, and the effective radius and peak surface brightness are recovered to within 20 per cent for 98 and 94 per cent of the sources, respectively. Overall, we find that DECORAS provides a reliable source detection and characterization solution for future wide-field VLBI surveys.

Funder

NWO

CAS

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

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