Variable stars in the field of intermediate-age open cluster NGC 559

Abstract

ABSTRACT This work presents the first long-term photometric variability survey of the intermediate-age open cluster NGC 559. Time series V-band photometric observations on 40 nights taken over more than 3 yr with three different telescopes are analysed to search for variable stars in the cluster. We investigate the data for the periodicity analysis and reveal 70 variable stars including 67 periodic variables in the target field, all of them are newly discovered. The membership analysis of the periodic variables reveals that 30 of them belong to the cluster and remaining 37 are identified as field variables. Out of the 67 periodic variables, 48 are short-period (P < 1 d) variables and 19 are long-period (P > 1 d) variables. The variable stars have periodicity between 3 h to 41 d and their brightness ranges from V  = 10.9 to 19.3 mag. The periodic variables belonging to the cluster are then classified into different variability types on the basis of observational properties such as shape of the light curves, periods, amplitudes, as well as their positions in the Hertzsprung–Russell (H–R) diagram. As a result, we identify 1 Algol type eclipsing binary, 1 possible blue straggler star, 3 slowly pulsating B type stars, 5 rotational variables, 11 non-pulsating variables, 2 FKCOM variables, and remaining 7 are characterized as miscellaneous variables. We also identify three eclipsing binary stars (EBs) belonging to the field star population. The phoebe package is used to analyse the light curve of all four EBs in order to determine the parameters of the binary systems such as masses, temperatures, and radii.