<i>TESS</i> spots a mini-neptune interior to a hot saturn in the TOI-2000 system-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

TESS spots a mini-neptune interior to a hot saturn in the TOI-2000 system

Published:2023-06-06 Issue:1 Volume:524 Page:1113-1138
ISSN:0035-8711
Container-title:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
language:en
Short-container-title:

Author:

Sha Lizhou¹^ORCID,Vanderburg Andrew M²^ORCID,Huang Chelsea X³^ORCID,Armstrong David J⁴⁵^ORCID,Brahm Rafael⁶⁷⁸^ORCID,Giacalone Steven⁹^ORCID,Wood Mackenna L¹⁰^ORCID,Collins Karen A¹¹^ORCID,Nielsen Louise D¹²^ORCID,Hobson Melissa J⁷¹³^ORCID,Ziegler Carl¹⁴^ORCID,Howell Steve B¹⁵^ORCID,Torres-Miranda Pascal⁷¹⁶,Mann Andrew W¹⁰^ORCID,Zhou George³^ORCID,Delgado-Mena Elisa¹⁷^ORCID,Rojas Felipe I¹⁶^ORCID,Abe Lyu¹⁸^ORCID,Trifonov Trifon¹³¹⁹^ORCID,Adibekyan Vardan¹⁷^ORCID,Sousa Sérgio G¹⁷^ORCID,Fajardo-Acosta Sergio B²⁰^ORCID,Guillot Tristan¹⁸^ORCID,Howard Saburo¹⁸^ORCID,Littlefield Colin¹⁵^ORCID,Hawthorn Faith⁴⁵^ORCID,Schmider François-Xavier¹⁸^ORCID,Eberhardt Jan¹³^ORCID,Tan Thiam-Guan²¹^ORCID,Osborn Ares⁴⁵^ORCID,Schwarz Richard P¹¹^ORCID,Strøm Paul⁴^ORCID,Jordán Andrés⁶⁷⁸^ORCID,Wang Gavin²²^ORCID,Henning Thomas¹³^ORCID,Massey Bob²³^ORCID,Law Nicholas¹⁰^ORCID,Stockdale Chris²⁴^ORCID,Furlan Elise²⁵^ORCID,Srdoc Gregor²⁶,Wheatley Peter J⁴⁵^ORCID,Barrado Navascués David²⁷^ORCID,Lissauer Jack J¹⁵^ORCID,Stassun Keivan G²⁸^ORCID,Ricker George R²^ORCID,Vanderspek Roland K²^ORCID,Latham David W¹¹^ORCID,Winn Joshua N²⁹^ORCID,Seager Sara²³⁰³¹^ORCID,Jenkins Jon M¹⁵^ORCID,Barclay Thomas³²³³^ORCID,Bouma Luke G³⁴^ORCID,Christiansen Jessie L²⁵^ORCID,Guerrero Natalia³⁵^ORCID,Rose Mark E¹⁵^ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin–Madison , 475 N Charter St, Madison, WI 53706 , USA

2. Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 , USA

3. Centre for Astrophysics, University of Southern Queensland , West Street, Toowoomba, QLD 4350 Australia

4. Department of Physics, University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL , UK

5. Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL , UK

6. Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez , Av. Diagonal las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, Santiago , Chile

7. Millennium Institute for Astrophysics , Macul, Santiago , Chile

8. Data Observatory Foundation , Providencia, Santiago , Chile

9. Department of Astronomy, University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley, CA 94720 , USA

10. Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3255 , USA

11. Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 , USA

12. European Southern Observatory , Karl-Schwarzschild-Straße 2, Garching bei München D-85748 , Germany

13. Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie , K’onigstuhl 17, Heidelberg D-69117 , Germany

14. Department of Physics, Engineering and Astronomy, Stephen F. Austin State University , 1936 North St, Nacogdoches, TX 75962 , USA

15. NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035 , USA

16. Instituto de Astrofísica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Avda. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago , Chile

17. Instituto de Astrofisica e Ciencias do Espaco, Universidade do Porto , CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, P-4150-762 Porto , Portugal

18. Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur , CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Bd de l’Observatoire, CS 34229, 06304 Nice CEDEX 4 , France

19. Department of Astronomy, Sofia University ‘St Kliment Ohridski’ , 5 James Bourchier Blvd, BG-1164 Sofia , Bulgaria

20. Caltech/IPAC , Mail Code 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125 , USA

21. Perth Exoplanet Survey Telescope , Perth , Australia

22. Tsinghua International School , Beijing 100084 , China

23. Villa ’39 Observatory , Landers, CA 92285 , USA

24. Hazelwood Observatory , Churchill, Victoria , Australia

25. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute , Caltech/IPAC, Pasadena, CA 91125 , USA

26. Kotizarovci Observatory , Sarsoni 90, 51216 Viskovo , Croatia

27. Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA) , ESAC Campus, Camino Bajo del Castillo s/n, Villanueva de la Cañada, E-28692 Madrid , Spain

28. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, TN 37235 , USA

29. Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton, NJ 08544 , USA

30. Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139 , USA

31. Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139 , USA

32. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771 , USA

33. University of Maryland, Baltimore County , 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 , USA

34. Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125 , USA

35. Bryant Space Science Center, Department of Astronomy, University of Florida , Gainesville, FL 32611 , USA

Abstract

ABSTRACT Hot jupiters (P < 10 d, M > 60 M⊕) are almost always found alone around their stars, but four out of hundreds known have inner companion planets. These rare companions allow us to constrain the hot jupiter’s formation history by ruling out high-eccentricity tidal migration. Less is known about inner companions to hot Saturn-mass planets. We report here the discovery of the TOI-2000 system, which features a hot Saturn-mass planet with a smaller inner companion. The mini-neptune TOI-2000 b (2.70 ± 0.15 R⊕, 11.0 ± 2.4 M⊕) is in a 3.10-d orbit, and the hot saturn TOI-2000 c ($8.14_{-0.30}^{+0.31}$ R⊕ , $81.7_{-4.6}^{+4.7}$ M⊕) is in a 9.13-d orbit. Both planets transit their host star TOI-2000 (TIC 371188886, V = 10.98, TESS magnitude = 10.36), a metal-rich ([Fe/H] = 0.439 $_{-0.043}^{+0.041}$) G dwarf 173 pc away. TESS observed the two planets in sectors 9–11 and 36–38, and we followed up with ground-based photometry, spectroscopy, and speckle imaging. Radial velocities from CHIRON, FEROS, and HARPS allowed us to confirm both planets by direct mass measurement. In addition, we demonstrate constraining planetary and stellar parameters with MIST stellar evolutionary tracks through Hamiltonian Monte Carlo under the PyMC framework, achieving higher sampling efficiency and shorter run time compared to traditional Markov chain Monte Carlo. Having the brightest host star in the V band among similar systems, TOI-2000 b and c are superb candidates for atmospheric characterization by the JWST, which can potentially distinguish whether they formed together or TOI-2000 c swept along material during migration to form TOI-2000 b.

Funder

NASA

MAST

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

Link

https://academic.oup.com/mnras/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/mnras/stad1666/50526163/stad1666.pdf

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