Supernova siblings and their parent galaxies in the Zwicky Transient Facility Bright Transient Survey

Author:

Graham Melissa L1ORCID,Fremling Christoffer2,Perley Daniel A3ORCID,Biswas Rahul4ORCID,Phillips Christopher A1,Sollerman Jesper5ORCID,Nugent Peter E67ORCID,Nance Sarafina67ORCID,Dhawan Suhail8ORCID,Nordin Jakob9,Goobar Ariel4ORCID,Miller Adam1011ORCID,Neill James D2ORCID,Hall Xander J2ORCID,Hankins Matthew J12,Duev Dmitry A2ORCID,Kasliwal Mansi M2ORCID,Rigault Mickael13ORCID,Bellm Eric C1ORCID,Hale David14,Mróz Przemek2,Kulkarni S R2

Affiliation:

1. DIRAC Institute, Department of Astronomy, University of Washington , 3910 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA

2. Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA

3. Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University , IC2, Liverpool Science Park, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, UK

4. The Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden

5. The Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden

6. E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

7. Department of Astronomy, University of California , Berkeley, CA 94720-3411, USA

8. Institute of Astronomy and Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge , Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK

9. Institute of Physics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Newtonstrasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany

10. Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University , 1800 Sherman Ave, Evanston, IL 60201, USA

11. The Adler Planetarium , Chicago, IL 60605, USA

12. Department of Physical Sciences, Arkansas Tech University , 1701 N. Boulder Avenue, Russellville, AR 72801, USA

13. Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IP2I Lyon/IN2P3, IMR 5822 , F-69622 Villeurbanne, France

14. Caltech Optical Observatories, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA

Abstract

ABSTRACT Supernova (SN) siblings – two or more SNe in the same parent galaxy – are useful tools for exploring progenitor stellar populations as well as properties of the host galaxies such as distance, star-formation rate, dust extinction, and metallicity. Since the average SN rate for a Milky Way-type galaxy is just one per century, a large imaging survey is required to discover an appreciable sample of SN siblings. From the wide-field Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) Bright Transient Survey (which aims for spectroscopic completeness for all transients which peak brighter than r < 18.5 mag) we present 10 SN siblings in five parent galaxies. For each of these families, we analyse the SN’s location within the host and its underlying stellar population, finding agreement with expectations that SNe from more massive progenitors are found nearer to their host core and in regions of more active star formation. We also present an analysis of the relative rates of core collapse and thermonuclear SN siblings, finding a significantly lower ratio than past SN sibling samples due to the unbiased nature of the ZTF.

Funder

National Science Foundation

University of Maryland

University of Washington

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron

University of Hawaii

Johns Hopkins University

Durham University

University of Edinburgh

Queen's University Belfast

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

National Central University

Space Telescope Science Institute

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Eotvos Lorand University

Los Alamos National Laboratory

Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation

Washington Research Foundation

European Union

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

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