The Nearby Evolved Stars Survey II: Constructing a volume-limited sample and first results from the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

The Nearby Evolved Stars Survey II: Constructing a volume-limited sample and first results from the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope

Published:2022-03-17 Issue:1 Volume:512 Page:1091-1110
ISSN:0035-8711
Container-title:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
language:en
Short-container-title:

Author:

Scicluna P¹²^ORCID,Kemper F¹³^ORCID,McDonald I⁴⁵^ORCID,Srinivasan S¹⁶,Trejo A¹^ORCID,Wallström S H J¹⁷,Wouterloot J G A⁸,Cami J⁹¹⁰¹¹,Greaves J¹²^ORCID,He Jinhua¹³¹⁴¹⁵,Hoai D T¹⁶¹⁷,Kim Hyosun¹⁸^ORCID,Jones O C¹⁹^ORCID,Shinnaga H²⁰²¹,Clark C J R²²^ORCID,Dharmawardena T¹²³^ORCID,Holland W¹⁹,Imai H²¹²⁴,van Loon J Th²⁵,Menten K M²⁶,Wesson R²⁷,Chawner H¹²,Feng S²⁸,Goldman S²²^ORCID,Liu F C²⁹,MacIsaac H⁹¹⁰,Tang J²⁸³⁰,Zeegers S¹,Amada K²⁰,Antoniou V³¹³²,Bemis A³³,Boyer M L²²,Chapman S³⁴,Chen X³⁵,Cho S-H¹⁸,Cui L³⁶,Dell’Agli F³⁷,Friberg P⁸,Fukaya S²⁰,Gomez H¹²,Gong Y²⁶,Hadjara M¹⁴¹⁵,Haswell C⁵^ORCID,Hirano N¹,Hony S³⁸,Izumiura H³⁹,Jeste M²⁶,Jiang X⁴⁰,Kaminski T³²,Keaveney N⁴¹,Kim J¹⁸³⁵^ORCID,Kraemer K E⁴²,Kuan Y-J¹²⁹,Lagadec E⁴³,Lee C F¹,Li D⁴⁴⁴⁵⁴⁶,Liu S-Y¹,Liu T³⁵,de Looze I²⁷⁴⁷,Lykou F⁴⁸⁴⁹^ORCID,Maraston C⁵⁰,Marshall J P¹⁵¹,Matsuura M¹²^ORCID,Min C⁵²,Otsuka M¹⁵³^ORCID,Oyadomari M²⁰,Parsons H⁸,Patel N A³²,Peeters E⁹¹⁰¹¹,Pham T A¹⁶^ORCID,Qiu J³³⁵⁴,Randall S³,Rau G⁵⁵⁵⁶^ORCID,Redman M P⁴¹,Richards A M S⁴,Serjeant S⁵^ORCID,Shi C⁵⁷⁵⁸^ORCID,Sloan G C²²⁵⁹,Smith M W L¹²,Suh K-W⁶⁰^ORCID,Toalá J A⁶,Uttenthaler S⁶¹,Ventura P³⁶,Wang B⁴⁴,Yamamura I⁶²⁶³,Yang T³⁶,Yun Y¹⁸,Zhang F¹³,Zhang Y⁴⁹⁶⁴,Zhao G⁴⁴,Zhu M⁴⁴,Zijlstra A A⁴

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, 11F of AS/NTU Astronomy-Mathematics Building, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan

2. European Southern Observatory, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Santiago RM, Chile

3. European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, D-85748 Garching b. München, Germany

4. Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, UK

5. Department of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK

6. Instituto de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica, UNAM. Apdo. Postal 72-3 (Xangari), Morelia, Michoacán 58089, Michoacán, Mexico

7. Institute of Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D bus 2401, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium

8. East Asian Observatory (JCMT), 660 N. A‘ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA

9. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada

10. Institute for Earth and Space Exploration, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada

11. SETI Institute, 189 Bernardo Avenue, Suite 100, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA

12. School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK

13. Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 396 Yangfangwang, Guandu District, Kunming 650216, China

14. Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, CAS, Beijing 100101, China

15. Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 36-D, Santiago, Chile

16. Department of Astrophysics, Vietnam National Space Center (VNSC), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Viet Nam

17. Graduate University of Science and Technology (GUST), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Viet Nam

18. Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) 776, Daedeokdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea

19. UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK

20. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Kagoshima University, 1-21-35 Korimoto, Kagoshima, Japan

21. Amanogawa Galaxy Astronomy Research Center (AGARC), Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-35 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan

22. Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA

23. Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

24. Center for General Education, Institute for Comprehensive Education, Kagoshima University, 1-21-30 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan

25. Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Keele University, Keele ST5 5BG, UK

26. Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany

27. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, UK

28. National Astronomical Observatory of China, Datun Road 20, Chaoyang, Beijing 100012, China

29. Department of Earth Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan

30. CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100101, China

31. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Tech University, Box 41051, Lubbock, TX 79409-1051, USA

32. Center for Astrophysics | Harvard and Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

33. Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada

34. Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada

35. Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, China

36. Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 150 Science 1-Street, 830011 Urumqi, China

37. INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, I-00077 Monte Porzio Catone (RM), Italy

38. Institut für Theoretische Astrophysik, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, Albert-Überle-Strasse 2, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany

39. Okayama Branch Office, Subaru Telescope, NAOJ, NINS 3037-5 Honjo, Kamogata, Asakuchi, Okayama 719-0232, Japan

40. Department of Astronomy and Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, Xiamen University, Fujian 361005, China

41. Centre for Astronomy, School of Physics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway H91 CF50, Ireland

42. Institute for Scientific Research, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA

43. Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Lagrange, 96 Bd de l'Observatoire, 06300 Nice, France

44. National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

45. Key Laboratory of FAST, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

46. School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China

47. Sterrenkundig Observatorium, Universiteit Gent, Krijgslaan 281 S9, B-9000 Gent, Belgium

48. Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China

49. Laboratory for Space Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China

50. Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Burnaby Road, PO1 3FX Portsmouth, UK

51. Centre for Astrophysics, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia

52. Department of Astronomical Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan

53. Okayama Observatory, Kyoto University, Kamogata, Asakuchi, Okayama 719-0232, Japan

54. School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China

55. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA

56. Department of Physics, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA

57. School of Sciences, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China

58. Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nanjing University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210093, China

59. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3255, USA

60. Department of Astronomy and Space Science, CHUNGBUK NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Cheongju-City, 28644, Republic of Korea

61. Kuffner Observatory, Johann-Staudstrasse 10, A-1160 Vienna, Austria

62. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, JAXA, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan

63. Department of Space and Astronautical Science, SOKENDAI, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan

64. School of Physics and Astronomy, Sun Yat-sen University, 2 Daxue Road, Tangjia, Zhuhai, Guangdong 510275, China

Abstract

ABSTRACT The Nearby Evolved Stars Survey (NESS) is a volume-complete sample of ∼850 Galactic evolved stars within 3 kpc at (sub-)mm wavelengths, observed in the CO J = (2–1) and (3–2) rotational lines, and the sub-mm continuum, using the James Clark Maxwell Telescope and Atacama Pathfinder Experiment. NESS consists of five tiers, based on distances and dust-production rate (DPR). We define a new metric for estimating the distances to evolved stars and compare its results to Gaia EDR3. Replicating other studies, the most-evolved, highly enshrouded objects in the Galactic Plane dominate the dust returned by our sources, and we initially estimate a total DPR of 4.7 × 10−5 M⊙ yr−1 from our sample. Our sub-mm fluxes are systematically higher and spectral indices are typically shallower than dust models typically predict. The 450/850 $\mu$m spectral indices are consistent with the blackbody Rayleigh–Jeans regime, suggesting a large fraction of evolved stars have unexpectedly large envelopes of cold dust.

Funder

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan

Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute

Science and Technology Facilities Council

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

Link

https://academic.oup.com/mnras/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/mnras/stab2860/42946372/stab2860.pdf

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