The XMM cluster survey: exploring scaling relations and completeness of the dark energy survey year 3 redMaPPer cluster catalogue

Author:

Upsdell E W1ORCID,Giles P A1ORCID,Romer A K1,Wilkinson R1,Turner D J1ORCID,Hilton M23,Rykoff E4,Farahi A5,Bhargava S6,Jeltema T7ORCID,Klein M8,Bermeo A1,Collins C A9,Ebrahimpour L1011,Hollowood D7,Mann R G12,Manolopoulou M12,Miller C J13,Rooney P J1,Sahlén Martin14,Stott J P15,Viana P T P1011,Allam S16,Alves O17,Bacon D18,Bertin E19,Bocquet S20,Brooks D21,Burke D L422,Carrasco Kind M2324,Carretero J25,Costanzi M262728,da Costa L N29,Pereira M E S30,De Vicente J31,Desai S32,Diehl H T16,Dietrich J P20,Everett S33,Ferrero I34,Frieman J1635,García-Bellido J36,Gerdes D W37,Gutierrez G16,Hinton S R38,Honscheid K3940,James D J41,Kuehn K4243,Kuropatkin N16,Lima M2944,Marshall J L45,Mena-Fernández J31,Menanteau F2324,Miquel R2546,Mohr J J2047,Ogando R L C48,Pieres A2948,Raveri M49,Rodriguez-Monroy M31,Sanchez E31,Scarpine V16,Sevilla-Noarbe I31,Smith M50,Suchyta E51,Swanson M E C,Tarle G17,To C39,Weaverdyck N1752,Weller J4753,Wiseman P50

Affiliation:

1. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex , Brighton BN1 9QH, UK

2. Astrophysics Research Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Westville Campus, Durban 4041, SA

3. School of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Westville Campus, Durban 4041, SA

4. Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA

5. Department of Statistics and Data Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USA

6. AIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Diderot , Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France

7. Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of California , Santa Cruz, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA

8. Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität , Scheinerstr. 1, D-81679, Munich, Germany

9. Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool Science Park, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, UK

10. Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP , Rua das Estrelas, P-4150-762 Porto, Portugal

11. Departamento de Física e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto , Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal

12. Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory , Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK

13. Astronomy Department, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA

14. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University , SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden

15. Department of Physics, Lancaster University , Lancaster LA1 4YB, UK

16. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory , P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA

17. Department of Physics, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA

18. Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth , Portsmouth, PO1 3FX, UK

19. Sorbonne Universités , UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, F-75014, Paris, France

20. University Observatory, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität , Scheinerstr. 1, D-81679 Munich, Germany

21. Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London , Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK

22. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA

23. Center for Astrophysical Surveys, National Center for Supercomputing Applications , 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, IL 61801, USA

24. Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA

25. Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain

26. Astronomy Unit, Department of Physics, University of Trieste , via Tiepolo 11, I-34131 Trieste, Italy

27. INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste , via G. B. Tiepolo 11, I-34143 Trieste, Italy

28. Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe , Via Beirut 2, I-34014 Trieste, Italy

29. Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia – LIneA , Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - 20921-400, Brazil

30. Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg , Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany

31. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas , Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid 28040, Spain

32. Department of Physics, IIT Hyderabad , Kandi, Telangana 502285, India

33. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA

34. Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics , University of Oslo. P.O. Box 1029 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway

35. Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago , Chicago, IL 60637, USA

36. Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC , Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain

37. Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA

38. School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia

39. Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210, USA

40. Department of Physics, The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210, USA

41. Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

42. Australian Astronomical Optics, Macquarie University , North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia

43. Lowell Observatory , 1400 Mars Hill Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA

44. Departamento de Física Matemática, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo , CP 66318, São Paulo, SP, 05314-970, Brazil

45. George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX 77843, USA

46. Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats , E-08010 Barcelona, Spain

47. Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics , Giessenbachstrasse, D-85748 Garching, Germany

48. Observatório Nacional , Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - 20921-400, Brazil

49. Department of Physics, University of Genova and INFN , Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146, Genova, Italy

50. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton , Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK

51. Computer Science and Mathematics Division , Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States

52. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

53. Universitäts-Sternwarte, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München , Scheinerstr. 1, D-81679 München, Germany

Abstract

ABSTRACT We cross-match and compare characteristics of galaxy clusters identified in observations from two sky surveys using two completely different techniques. One sample is optically selected from the analysis of 3 years of Dark Energy Survey observations using the redMaPPer cluster detection algorithm. The second is X-ray selected from XMM observations analysed by the XMM Cluster Survey. The samples comprise a total area of 57.4 deg2, bounded by the area of four contiguous XMM survey regions that overlap the DES footprint. We find that the X-ray-selected sample is fully matched with entries in the redMaPPer catalogue, above λ > 20 and within 0.1 <$z$ <0.9. Conversely, only 38 per cent of the redMaPPer catalogue is matched to an X-ray extended source. Next, using 120 optically clusters and 184 X-ray-selected clusters, we investigate the form of the X-ray luminosity–temperature (LX –TX ), luminosity–richness (LX –λ), and temperature–richness (TX –λ) scaling relations. We find that the fitted forms of the LX –TX relations are consistent between the two selection methods and also with other studies in the literature. However, we find tentative evidence for a steepening of the slope of the relation for low richness systems in the X-ray-selected sample. When considering the scaling of richness with X-ray properties, we again find consistency in the relations (i.e. LX –λ and TX –λ) between the optical and X-ray-selected samples. This is contrary to previous similar works that find a significant increase in the scatter of the luminosity scaling relation for X-ray-selected samples compared to optically selected samples.

Funder

U.S. Department of Energy

National Science Foundation

Higher Education Funding Council for England

National Center for Supercomputing Applications

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

Tecnologia e Inovação

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

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