Rates and delay times of type Ia supernovae in the Dark Energy Survey

Author:

Wiseman P1ORCID,Sullivan M1ORCID,Smith M21,Frohmaier C31ORCID,Vincenzi M3ORCID,Graur O3ORCID,Popovic B4,Armstrong P5,Brout D67,Davis T M8ORCID,Galbany L9,Hinton S R8,Kelsey L1,Kessler R1011,Lidman C125,Möller A13,Nichol R C3,Rose B4,Scolnic D4ORCID,Toy M1,Zontou Z1,Asorey J14,Carollo D15,Glazebrook K16,Lewis G F17,Tucker B E5,Abbott T M C18,Aguena M19,Allam S20,Andrade-Oliveira F2119,Annis J20,Bacon D3,Bertin E2223,Brooks D24,Buckley-Geer E1020,Burke D L2526,Rosell A Carnero271928,Kind M Carrasco2930,Carretero J31,Costanzi M323334,da Costa L N1935,Pereira M E S36,Desai S37,Diehl H T20,Doel P24,Everett S38,Ferrero I39,Flaugher B20,Fosalba P4041,Frieman J2011,García-Bellido J42,Gaztanaga E4041,Giannantonio T4344,Gruen D452526,Gruendl R A2930,Gschwend J1935,Gutierrez G20,Hollowood D L38,Honscheid K4647,Hoyle B4849,James D J7,Krause E50,Kuehn K5152,Kuropatkin N20,Maia M A G1935,Marshall J L53,Martini P465455,Menanteau F2930,Miquel R5631,Morgan R57,Ogando R L C1935,Palmese A2011,Paz-Chinchón F2943,Petravick D29,Pieres A1935,Malagón A A Plazas58,Romer A K59,Sanchez E14,Scarpine V20,Schubnell M36,Serrano S4041,Sevilla-Noarbe I14,Soares-Santos M36,Suchyta E60,Swanson M E C29,Tarle G36,Thomas D3,To C452526,Varga T N4961,Walker A R18

Affiliation:

1. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK

2. Univ Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IP2I Lyon / IN2P3, IMR 5822, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France

3. Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3FX, UK

4. Department of Physics, Duke University Durham, NC 27708, USA

5. The Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, ACT 2601, Australia

6. NASA Einstein Fellow

7. Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

8. School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia

9. Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain

10. Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA

11. Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA

12. Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics, College of Science, The Australian National University, ACT 2601, Australia

13. Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France

14. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain

15. INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, I-34143 Trieste, Italy

16. Centre for Astrophysics & Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, Victoria 3122, Australia

17. Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, A28, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia

18. Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile

19. Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - 20921-400, Brazil

20. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA

21. Instituto de Física Teórica, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil

22. CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, F-75014, Paris, France

23. Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, F-75014, Paris, France

24. Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK

25. Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA

26. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA

27. Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

28. Universidad de La Laguna, Dpto. Astrofísica, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

29. Center for Astrophysical Surveys, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, IL 61801, USA

30. Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA

31. Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain

32. Astronomy Unit, Department of Physics, University of Trieste, via Tiepolo 11, I-34131 Trieste, Italy

33. INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, via G. B. Tiepolo 11, I-34143 Trieste, Italy

34. Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, Via Beirut 2, 34014 Trieste, Italy

35. Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - 20921-400, Brazil

36. Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA

37. Department of Physics, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502285, India

38. Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA

39. Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo. P.O. Box 1029 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway

40. Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain

41. Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, 08193 Barcelona, Spain

42. Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain

43. Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK

44. Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK

45. Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA

46. Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA

47. Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA

48. Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Scheinerstr. 1, 81679 Munich, Germany

49. Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrasse, 85748 Garching, Germany

50. Department of Astronomy/Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA

51. Australian Astronomical Optics, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia

52. Lowell Observatory, 1400 Mars Hill Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA

53. George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA

54. Department of Astronomy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA

55. Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138

56. Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain

57. Physics Department, 2320 Chamberlin Hall, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1150 University Avenue Madison, WI 53706-1390

58. Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA

59. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pevensey Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QH, UK

60. Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831

61. Universitäts-Sternwarte, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Scheinerstr. 1, 81679 München, Germany

Abstract

Abstract We use a sample of 809 photometrically classified type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) discovered by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) along with 40415 field galaxies to calculate the rate of SNe Ia per galaxy in the redshift range 0.2 < z < 0.6. We recover the known correlation between SN Ia rate and galaxy stellar mass across a broad range of scales 8.5 ≤ log (M*/M⊙) ≤ 11.25. We find that the SN Ia rate increases with stellar mass as a power-law with index 0.63 ± 0.02, which is consistent with previous work. We use an empirical model of stellar mass assembly to estimate the average star-formation histories (SFHs) of galaxies across the stellar mass range of our measurement. Combining the modelled SFHs with the SN Ia rates to estimate constraints on the SN Ia delay time distribution (DTD), we find the data are fit well by a power-law DTD with slope index β = −1.13 ± 0.05 and normalisation A = 2.11 ± 0.05 × 10−13SNeM⊙−1yr−1,, which corresponds to an overall SN Ia production efficiency $N_{\mathrm{Ia}}/M_* = 0.9 _{-0.7}^{+4.0} \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{SNe} \mathrm{M}_{\odot }^{-1}$,. Upon splitting the SN sample by properties of the light curves, we find a strong dependence on DTD slope with the SN decline rate, with slower-declining SNe exhibiting a steeper DTD slope. We interpret this as a result of a relationship between intrinsic luminosity and progenitor age, and explore the implications of the result in the context of SN Ia progenitors.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

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2. An archival search for type Ia supernova siblings;Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society;2023-11-21

3. Rates and properties of Type Ia supernovae in galaxy clusters within the dark energy survey;Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society;2023-10-06

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