Radio fossils, relics, and haloes in Abell 3266: cluster archaeology with ASKAP-EMU and the ATCA

Author:

Riseley C J123ORCID,Bonnassieux E12,Vernstrom T34ORCID,Galvin T J35ORCID,Chokshi A678ORCID,Botteon A9ORCID,Rajpurohit K12ORCID,Duchesne S W35ORCID,Bonafede A12,Rudnick L10ORCID,Hoeft M11ORCID,Quici B5,Eckert D12,Brienza M12,Tasse C1314,Carretti E2ORCID,Collier J D31516,Diego J M17ORCID,Di Mascolo L181920,Hopkins A M21,Johnston-Hollitt M22,Keel R R5,Koribalski B S816ORCID,Reiprich T H23

Affiliation:

1. Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Bologna , via P. Gobetti 93/2, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

2. INAF – Istituto di Radioastronomia , via P. Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

3. CSIRO Space and Astronomy , PO Box 1130, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia

4. ICRAR, The University of Western Australia , 35 Stirling Hw, 6009 Crawley, Australia

5. International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University , Bentley, WA 6102, Australia

6. The University of Melbourne, School of Physics , Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia

7. ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D)

8. CSIRO Space and Astronomy , PO Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia

9. Leiden Observatory, Leiden University , PO Box 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands

10. Minnesota Institute for Astrophysics, University of Minnesota , 116 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA

11. Thüringer Landessternwarte , Sternwarte 5, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany

12. Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva , Ch. d’Ecogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland

13. GEPI and USN, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS, Universite Paris Diderot , 5 place Jules Janssen, F-92190 Meudon, France

14. Centre for Radio Astronomy Techniques and Technologies, Department of Physics and Electronics, Rhodes University , Grahamstown 6140, South Africa

15. The Inter-University Institute for Data Intensive Astronomy (IDIA), Department of Astronomy, University of Cape Town , Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa

16. School of Science, Western Sydney University , Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia

17. Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria, CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria , E-39005 Santander, Spain

18. Astronomy Unit, Department of Physics, University of Trieste , via Tiepolo 11, I-34131 Trieste, Italy

19. INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste , via Tiepolo 11, I-34131 Trieste, Italy

20. IFPU – Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe , Via Beirut 2, I-34014 Trieste, Italy

21. Australian Astronomical Optics, Macquarie University , 105 Delhi Rd, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia

22. Curtin Institute for Computation, Curtin University , GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia

23. Argelander-Institut für Astronomie, Universität Bonn , Auf dem Hügel 71, D-53121 Bonn, Germany

Abstract

ABSTRACT Abell 3266 is a massive and complex merging galaxy cluster that exhibits significant substructure. We present new, highly sensitive radio continuum observations of Abell 3266 performed with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (0.8–1.1 GHz) and the Australia Telescope Compact Array (1.1–3.1 GHz). These deep observations provide new insights into recently reported diffuse non-thermal phenomena associated with the intracluster medium, including a ‘wrong-way’ relic, a fossil plasma source, and an as-yet unclassified central diffuse ridge, which we reveal comprises the brightest part of a large-scale radio halo detected here for the first time. The ‘wrong-way’ relic is highly atypical of its kind: it exhibits many classical signatures of a shock-related radio relic, while at the same time exhibiting strong spectral steepening. While radio relics are generally consistent with a quasi-stationary shock scenario, the ‘wrong-way’ relic is not. We study the spectral properties of the fossil plasma source; it exhibits an ultrasteep and highly curved radio spectrum, indicating an extremely aged electron population. The larger scale radio halo fills much of the cluster centre, and presents a strong connection between the thermal and non-thermal components of the intracluster medium, along with evidence of substructure. Whether the central diffuse ridge is simply a brighter component of the halo, or a mini-halo, remains an open question. Finally, we study the morphological and spectral properties of the multiple complex radio galaxies in this cluster in unprecedented detail, tracing their evolutionary history.

Funder

CSIRO

Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research

Higher Education Funding Council for England

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Ohio State University

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

University of Chicago

University College London

University of Edinburgh

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

University of Pennsylvania

SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory

Stanford University

University of Sussex

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

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