The R-Process Alliance: detailed chemical composition of an r-process enhanced star with UV and optical spectroscopy

Author:

Shah Shivani P1ORCID,Ezzeddine Rana1,Roederer Ian U234,Hansen Terese T5,Placco Vinicius M6ORCID,Beers Timothy C47,Frebel Anna48ORCID,Ji Alexander P910ORCID,Holmbeck Erika M11,Marshall Jennifer12,Sakari Charli M13

Affiliation:

1. Department of Astronomy, University of Florida , 211 Bryant Space Science Center, Gainesville, FL 32601 , USA

2. Department of Physics, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, NC 27695 , USA

3. Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109 , USA

4. Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics – Center for the Evolution of the Elements (JINA-CEE) , East Lansing, Mi 48824 , USA

5. Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Centre , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden

6. NSF’s NOIRLab , Tucson, AZ 85719 , USA

7. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame, IN 46556 , USA

8. Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139 , USA

9. Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Chicago , 5640 S Ellis Avenue, Chicago IL 60637 , USA

10. Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago , Chicago IL 60637 , USA

11. The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science , 813 Santa Barbara St, Pasadena, CA 91101 , USA

12. Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX 77843-4242 , USA

13. Department of Physics & Astronomy, San Francisco State University , San Francisco CA 94132 , USA

Abstract

ABSTRACT We present a detailed chemical-abundance analysis of a highly r-process-enhanced (RPE) star, 2MASS J00512646-1053170, using high-resolution spectroscopic observations with Hubble Space Telescope/STIS in the UV and Magellan/MIKE in the optical. We determined abundances for 41 elements in total, including 23 r-process elements and rarely probed species such as Al ii, Ge i, Mo ii, Cd i, Os ii, Pt i, and Au i. We find that [Ge/Fe] = +0.10, which is an unusually high Ge enhancement for such a metal-poor star and indicates contribution from a production mechanism decoupled from that of Fe. We also find that this star has the highest Cd abundance observed for a metal-poor star to date. We find that the dispersion in the Cd abundances of metal-poor stars can be explained by the correlation of Cd i abundances with the stellar parameters of the stars, indicating the presence of NLTE effects. We also report that this star is now only the sixth star with Au abundance determined. This result, along with abundances of Pt and Os, uphold the case for the extension of the universal r-process pattern to the third r-process peak and to Au. This study adds to the sparse but growing number of RPE stars with extensive chemical-abundance inventories and highlights the need for not only more abundance determinations of these rarely probed species, but also advances in theoretical NLTE and astrophysical studies to reliably understand the origin of r-process elements.

Funder

NASA

ESA

Space Telescope Science Institute

NSF

Swedish Research Council

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

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