The EBLM Project– XI. Mass, radius, and effective temperature measurements for 23 M-dwarf companions to solar-type stars observed with <i>CHEOPS</i>-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

The EBLM Project– XI. Mass, radius, and effective temperature measurements for 23 M-dwarf companions to solar-type stars observed with CHEOPS

Published:2024-02-15 Issue:4 Volume:528 Page:5703-5722
ISSN:0035-8711
Container-title:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
language:en
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Author:

Swayne M I¹^ORCID,Maxted P F L¹^ORCID,Triaud A H M J²^ORCID,Sousa S G³^ORCID,Deline A⁴,Ehrenreich D⁴⁵^ORCID,Hoyer S⁶^ORCID,Olofsson G⁷^ORCID,Boisse I⁶,Duck A⁸^ORCID,Gill S⁹^ORCID,Martin D⁸^ORCID,McCormac J⁹,Persson C M¹⁰,Santerne A⁶^ORCID,Sebastian D²^ORCID,Standing M R¹¹^ORCID,Acuña L⁶^ORCID,Alibert Y¹²¹³^ORCID,Alonso R¹⁴¹⁵^ORCID,Anglada G¹⁶¹⁷^ORCID,Bárczy T¹⁸^ORCID,Barrado Navascues D¹⁹^ORCID,Barros S C C³²⁰^ORCID,Baumjohann W²¹^ORCID,Baycroft T A²^ORCID,Beck M⁴^ORCID,Beck T¹³,Benz W¹³¹²^ORCID,Billot N⁴^ORCID,Bonfils X²²^ORCID,Borsato L²³^ORCID,Bourrier V⁴^ORCID,Brandeker A⁷^ORCID,Broeg C¹³¹²^ORCID,Carmona A²²^ORCID,Charnoz S²⁴^ORCID,Collier Cameron A²⁵^ORCID,Cortés-Zuleta P⁶^ORCID,Csizmadia Sz²⁶^ORCID,Cubillos P E²⁷²¹,Davies M B²⁸^ORCID,Deleuil M⁶^ORCID,Delfosse X²²,Delrez L²⁹³⁰^ORCID,Demangeon O D S³²⁰^ORCID,Demory B -O¹²¹³^ORCID,Dransfield G²^ORCID,Erikson A²⁶,Fortier A¹³¹²^ORCID,Forveille T²²^ORCID,Fossati L²¹^ORCID,Fridlund M³¹¹⁰^ORCID,Gandolfi D³²^ORCID,Gillon M²⁹^ORCID,Güdel M³³,Günther M N³⁴^ORCID,Hara N⁴^ORCID,Hébrard G³⁵³⁶,Heidari N⁶³⁵³⁷^ORCID,Hellier C¹^ORCID,Helling Ch²¹³⁸,Isaak K G³⁴^ORCID,Kerschbaum F³³,Kiefer F³⁹⁴⁰,Kiss L L⁴¹⁴²,Kunovac V⁹⁴³^ORCID,Lalitha S²^ORCID,Lam K W F²⁶^ORCID,Laskar J⁴⁴^ORCID,Lecavelier des Etangs A³⁵^ORCID,Lendl M⁴^ORCID,Magrin D²³^ORCID,Marafatto L²³,Martioli E⁴⁵³⁵^ORCID,Miller N J⁴⁶^ORCID,Mordasini C¹³¹²,Moutou C⁴⁷^ORCID,Nascimbeni V²³^ORCID,Ottensamer R³³,Pagano I⁴⁸^ORCID,Pallé E¹⁴¹⁵^ORCID,Peter G⁴⁹^ORCID,Piazza D¹³,Piotto G²³⁵⁰^ORCID,Pollacco D⁹,Queloz D⁵¹⁵²^ORCID,Ragazzoni R²³⁵⁰^ORCID,Rando N³⁴,Rauer H²⁶⁵³⁵⁴^ORCID,Ribas I¹⁶¹⁷^ORCID,Santos N C³²⁰^ORCID,Scandariato G⁴⁸^ORCID,Ségransan D⁴^ORCID,Simon A E¹³^ORCID,Smith A M S²⁶^ORCID,Southworth R³⁴,Stalport M²⁹³⁰,Szabó Gy M⁵⁵⁵⁶^ORCID,Thomas N¹³,Udry S⁴^ORCID,Ulmer B⁴⁹,Van Grootel V³⁰^ORCID,Venturini J⁴^ORCID,Walton N A⁵⁷^ORCID,Willett E²^ORCID,Wilson T G²⁵^ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Astrophysics Group, Lennard Jones Building, Keele University , Staffordshire ST5 5BG , UK

2. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham , Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT , UK

3. Instituto de Astrofisica e Ciencias do Espaco, Universidade do Porto , CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, PT-4150-762 Porto , Portugal

4. Observatoire Astronomique de l’Université de Genéve , Chemin Pegasi 51, CH-1290 Versoix , Switzerland

5. Centre Vie dans l’Univers, Faculté des sciences, Université de Genéve , Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Genéve 4 , Switzerland

6. Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS, CNES, LAM, 38 rue Frédéric Joliot-Curie, FR-13388 Marseille , France

7. Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center , SE-10691 Stockholm , Sweden

8. Department of Physics & Astronomy, Tufts University , Medford, MA 02155 , USA

9. Department of Physics, University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL , UK

10. Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology , Onsala Space Observatory, SE-43992 Onsala , Sweden

11. School of Physical Sciences, The Open University , Milton Keynes MK7 6AA , UK

12. Center for Space and Habitability, University of Bern , Gesellschaftsstrasse 6, CH-3012 Bern , Switzerland

13. Weltraumforschung und Planetologie, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern , Gesellschaftsstrasse 6, CH-3012 Bern , Switzerland

14. Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias , Via Lactea s/n, ES-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife , Spain

15. Departamento de Astrofisica, Universidad de La Laguna , Astrofísico Francisco Sanchez s/n, ES-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife , Spain

16. Institut de Ciencies de l’Espai (ICE, CSIC) , Campus UAB, Can Magrans s/n, ES-08193 Bellaterra , Spain

17. Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) , Gran Capità 2-4, ES-08034 Barcelona , Spain

18. Admatis , 5. Kandó Kálmán Street, HU-3534 Miskolc , Hungary

19. Depto. de Astrofisica , Centro de Astrobiologia (CSIC-INTA), ESAC campus, ES-28692 Villanueva de la Cañada (Madrid) , Spain

20. Departamento de Fisica e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade do Porto , Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto , Portugal

21. Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences , Schmiedlstrasse 6, AT-8042 Graz , Austria

22. Université Grenoble Alpes , CNRS, IPAG, FR-38000 Grenoble , France

23. INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova , Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5, IT-35122 Padova , Italy

24. Université de Paris Cité, Institut de physique du globe de Paris , CNRS, 1 Rue Jussieu, FR-75005 Paris , France

25. Centre for Exoplanet Science, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews , North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9SS , UK

26. Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR) , Rutherfordstrasse 2, DE-12489 Berlin , Germany

27. INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino , Via Osservatorio, 20, IT-10025 Pino Torinese To , Italy

28. Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Lund University , Box 118, SE-22100 Lund , Sweden

29. Astrobiology Research Unit, Université de Liège , Allée du 6 Août 19C, BE-4000 Liège , Belgium

30. Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR) Institute, Université de Liège , Allée du 6 Août 19C, BE-4000 Liège , Belgium

31. Leiden Observatory, University of Leiden , PO Box 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden , the Netherlands

32. Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita degli Studi di Torino , via Pietro Giuria 1, IT-10125 Torino , Italy

33. Department of Astrophysics, University of Vienna , Türkenschanzstrasse 17, AT-1180 Vienna , Austria

34. ESTEC, European Space Agency , Keplerlaan 1, NL-2201AZ Noordwijk , the Netherlands

35. Institut d’astrophysique de Paris, UMR7095 CNRS, Université Pierre & Marie Curie , 98bis blvd. Arago, FR-75014 Paris , France

36. Observatoire de Haute-Provence, CNRS, Université d’Aix-Marseille , FR-04870 Saint-Michel l’Observatoire , France

37. Laboratoire J.-L. Lagrange, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur (OCA), Universite de Nice-Sophia Antipolis (UNS) , CNRS, Campus Valrose, FR-06108 Nice Cedex 2 , France

38. Institute for Theoretical Physics and Computational Physics, Graz University of Technology , Petersgasse 16, AT-8010 Graz , Austria

39. Sorbonne Université , CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, 98 bis bd Arago, FR-75014 Paris , France

40. LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL , CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, FR-92195 Meudon , France

41. Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences , Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, HU-1121 Budapest , Hungary

42. ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Institute of Physics , Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, HU-1117 Budapest , Hungary

43. Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry CV4 7AL , UK

44. IMCCE, UMR8028 CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Univ. , Sorbonne Univ., 77 av. Denfert-Rochereau, FR-75014 Paris , France

45. Laboratório Nacional de Astrofísica , Rua Estados Unidos 154, BR-37504-364 Itajubá–MG , Brazil

46. Centrum Astronomiczne im. Mikołaja Kopernika , Polish Academy of Sciences, Bartycka 18, PL-00-716 Warsaw , Poland

47. Univ. de Toulouse , CNRS, IRAP, 14 av. Belin, FR-31400 Toulouse , France

48. INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania , Via S. Sofia 78, IT-95123 Catania , Italy

49. Institute of Optical Sensor Systems, German Aerospace Center (DLR) , Rutherfordstrasse 2, DE-12489 Berlin , Germany

50. Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia ‘Galileo Galilei’, Universita degli Studi di Padova , Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 3, IT-35122 Padova , Italy

51. ETH Zurich, Department of Physics , Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 2, CH-8093 Zurich , Switzerland

52. Cavendish Laboratory , JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE , UK

53. Zentrum für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Technische Universität Berlin , Hardenbergstr. 36, DE-10623 Berlin , Germany

54. Institut fuer Geologische Wissenschaften, Freie Universitaet Berlin , Maltheserstrasse 74-100, DE-12249 Berlin , Germany

55. ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Gothard Astrophysical Observatory , Szent Imre h. u. 112, HU-9700 Szombathely , Hungary

56. HUN-REN-ELTE Exoplanet Research Group , Szent Imre h. u. 112, HU-9700 Szombathely , Hungary

57. Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge , Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA , UK

Abstract

ABSTRACT Observations of low-mass stars have frequently shown a disagreement between observed stellar radii and radii predicted by theoretical stellar structure models. This ‘radius inflation’ problem could have an impact on both stellar and exoplanetary science. We present the final results of our observation programme with the CHaracterising ExOPlanet Satellite (CHEOPS) to obtain high-precision light curves of eclipsing binaries with low-mass stellar companions (EBLMs). Combined with the spectroscopic orbits of the solar-type companions, we can derive the masses, radii, and effective temperatures of 23 M-dwarf stars. We use the pycheops data analysis software to analyse their primary and secondary occultations. For all but one target, we also perform analyses with Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) light curves for comparison. We have assessed the impact of starspot-induced variation on our derived parameters and account for this in our radius and effective temperature uncertainties using simulated light curves. We observe trends in inflation with both metallicity and orbital separation. We also observe a strong trend in the difference between theoretical and observational effective temperatures with metallicity. There is no such trend with orbital separation. These results are not consistent with the idea that the observed inflation in stellar radius combines with lower effective temperature to preserve the luminosity predicted by low-mass stellar models. Our EBLM systems provide high-quality and homogeneous measurements that can be used in further studies of radius inflation.

Funder

European Southern Observatory

STFC

European Research Council

Leverhulme Trust

CNES

NASA

Swiss National Science Foundation

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

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