Dust survival rates in clumps passing through the Cas A reverse shock – I. Results for a range of clump densities

Author:

Kirchschlager Florian1ORCID,Schmidt Franziska D1,Barlow M J1ORCID,Fogerty Erica L2ORCID,Bevan Antonia1ORCID,Priestley Felix D13

Affiliation:

1. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK

2. Center for Theoretical Astrophysics, Los Alamos National Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA

3. School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Queen’s Buildings, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK

Abstract

ABSTRACT The reverse shock in the ejecta of core-collapse supernovae is potentially able to destroy newly formed dust material. In order to determine dust survival rates, we have performed a set of hydrodynamic simulations using the grid-based code astrobear in order to model a shock wave interacting with clumpy supernova ejecta. Dust motions and destruction rates were computed using our newly developed external, post-processing code paperboats, which includes gas drag, grain charging, sputtering, and grain–grain collisions. We have determined dust destruction rates for the oxygen-rich supernova remnant Cassiopeia A as a function of initial grain sizes and clump gas density. We found that up to $30\,\mathrm{{{\ \rm per\ cent}}}$ of the carbon dust mass is able to survive the passage of the reverse shock if the initial grain size distribution is narrow with radii around ∼10–50 nm for high gas densities, or with radii around $\sim 0.5\!-\!1.5\,\mathrm{\mu m}$ for low and medium gas densities. Silicate grains with initial radii around 10–30 nm show survival rates of up to $40\,\mathrm{{{\ \rm per\ cent}}}$ for medium- and high-density contrasts, while silicate material with micron-sized distributions is mostly destroyed. For both materials, the surviving dust mass is rearranged into a new size distribution that can be approximated by two components: a power-law distribution of small grains and a lognormal distribution of grains having the same size range as the initial distribution. Our results show that grain–grain collisions and sputtering are synergistic and that grain–grain collisions can play a crucial role in determining the surviving dust budget in supernova remnants.

Funder

Los Alamos National Laboratory

European Research Council

Science and Technology Facilities Council

U.S. Department of Energy

Triad National Security, LLC

National Nuclear Security Administration

UCL

STFC DiRAC HPC Facility

BEIS

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

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